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70 Cards in this Set
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Di
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is a supreme god and sky deity in China's traditional religions. At a point he was identified as Tian, "Heaven", the "Universe", the "Great All".
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Naram-Sin
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was a ruler of the Akkadian Empire, the third successor and grandson of King Sargon of Akkad. Under Naram-Sin the empire reached its maximum strength.
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Enheduanna
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was the daughter of king Sargon of Akkad and High Priestess of the moon god Nanna in the Sumerian city-state of Ur.
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Gilgamesh
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He was the king of Uruk. He was part god/ part man. We know from the Epic of Gilgamesh.
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Ishtar
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She was a mesopotamian goddess. She is seen as a fertility figure.
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Scorpion Macehead
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This was an egyptian artifact that shows the depiction on the earliest known egyptian King, Scorpion. On the maze head we see Scorpion with a hoe in his hand while overseeing a irrigation project. This shows the importance of irrigation back then.
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Mastaba
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This was a rectangular mud brick superstructure in Egypt that was over burials. In arabic this means bench, because to them it looked like a large bench.
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Athena
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She was a greek goddess, who athens was named after. Also, the most famous greek temple, Parthenon, was built for her.
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Pu-abi
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She was the Queen of Ur of Mesopotamia , and her has not been looted. In her tomb they have found many things that tell us about how the mesopotamians viewed afterlife, such as a solid gold headdress and a solid gold ale strainers.
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The Indus River Valley Civilization
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This civilization is located in Pakistan, and Harappa was the first excavated site site in this valley. This Civilization was also known as the Harappan Civilization.
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Harappa
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This was the 1st Indus River Valley site found. However, we only know about it through archeology, because we cannot decipher their language.
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Red Pyramid
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This was the first true pyramid in Egypt. It was 345 feet tall, and built with horizontal stone. Also, this is where Sneferu was buried.
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Mohenjo-Daro
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This means hill of the dead. This is called hill of the dead because at the top buddhist monks were buried. Also, here is where all the intricate drainage systems and indoor plumbing.
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Step Pyramid
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First Pyramid made out of complete stone. The architect of this pyramid was Imhotep.
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Sphinx
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A huge stone lion with the head of a man, that was built by Khafre, to guard the pyramids for eternity.
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Alexander the Great
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He was a macedonian greek who created a huge empire.He was tutored by Aristotle, and conquered Persia and Egypt.
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Plato
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Plato was from Athens and he was the pupil of Socrates. Also he was the founder of the Academy, Athens famous school of philosophy.
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Aristotle
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He was the pupil of Plato. He also tutored Alexander the Great. He was a philosopher as well as a scientist.
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Mandate of Heaven
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This was from the book of documents in which the Zhou dynasty said that the shang were no well rulers so they fell out of favor with the heavens. So, the heavens transferred the power to the Zhou Dynasty.
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Book of Documents
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These were government documents from the Zhou Dynasty, in China.
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Book of Songs
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These were collections of poetry from the Zhou Dynasty, in China.
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The Zhou Dynasty
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This was an ancient Chinese civilization that wrote the Book of Songs, Book of Changes and the Book of Documents. Also, we see that they had huge development in their militaries.
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Fu Hao
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Lady Fu Hao was the Queen during the Shang Dynasty. What makes her unique is that her tomb was not looted. Inside the tomb we can find poetry, skeletons, and bronze work. Some of the most famous pieces is the Jade tiger, Bronze axe head, and a Ivory Cup inlaid with Turquoise.
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Lucy
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Lucy was a skeleton found in Ethiopia that was about 40 percent complete, and for a while she was thought to be the oldest hominid alive.
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Bent Pyramid
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Constructed from the beginning to be a true smooth sided pyramid. Half way up they changed the angle of the sides because of the soil it was built on it started to crack. This pyramid was built Sneferu.
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Jericho
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Oldest walled city in the world. Found in Israel.
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Mesopotamia
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Means between the two rivers tigris and euphrates.
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dominance
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empire takes over through force, military, or warfare
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hegemony
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consent. Allow someone else to take you over.
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Old Babylonian Empire
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The founder of the Empire was King Hammurabi, who wrote the code of laws called the Code of Hammurabi. This empire used force to conquer.
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Paleontologist
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a branch of anthropology dealing with fossil hominids.
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Alfred Russel Wallace
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Alfred Russel Wallace advocated what is best described as a theory of “intelligent evolution.”
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Zoroastrianism
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This was the religion of the Persians. Their prophet was Prophet Zoroaster, and in this religion they worshiped Ahura-Mazda, the “Wise Lord”
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Tyrant
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A classical greece term that meant one ruler.
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The Oracle of Delphi
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Was the priestess at this was a shrine in Greece where you would go once a month to talk to her. She was often times consulted before battles.
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Djoser
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Djoser was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh during the Old Kingdom and the founder of this epoch.
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Snefru
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He was the greatest pyramid builder in pyramid history. He built 3 pyramids, red, collapsed and bent.
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Collapsed Pyramid
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Snefru changed the form of this pyramid as a step pyramid then that was increased in size then changed it into 4 smooth sides that meet at a point. The core was made out of layers of stone that lean inwards. At some point this structure it was abandoned for unknown reasons.
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Imhotep
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He was an architect. He put a bunch of mastabas on top of each other. He was worshiped as a god.
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Khafre
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son of Khufu. 10 feet shorter than the great pyramid. The inside has two passages ways that converge to a single burial chamber.
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Khufu
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He was the king the great pyramid was made for and constructed by.
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Great Pyramid
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a mile from the nile. Aligned almost perfectly to the coordinates points. Built by Khafre.
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Thutmose I
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He as an egyptian King that expanded egypt into an empire. He starts this empire by conquering south Nubia.
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Thutmose III
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He was an egyptian king that extend the empire to his greatest extent. He was the stepson of Hatshepsut, and he went around trying to erase her from everyone’s memory.
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Battle of Marathon
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Persian and the Greeks. The greeks win. The messenger dies.
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Sesostris I
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Was an egyptian king in Sinuhe. Wrote letters back and further and told Sinuhe to come back and that he will give him a proper burial.
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Horus
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King in Egypt, depicted as a falcon or a falcon and man.
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Hieroglyphics
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These were sacred writings. And the Greeks called it this because it was always associated with tombs and temples.
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Hittites
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created iron. Fought the egyptians at the battle of kadesh(hiittes vs. Egyptian, but Ramses of Egyptian depicts as he won, but there was a peace treaty so we know it was a tie)
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Neo-assyrian Empire
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empire that conquered through terror tactics. 1st time jews were exiled.
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Amun Ra
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chief diode of the egyptians empire period. He was depicted as a ram
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Battle of Salamis
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This was a battle between the Greeks and the Persians. This was a Greek naval victory.
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Utnapishtim
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guy that gilgamesh was questing for. He was given immortality for saving the animals.
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Battle of Thermopylae
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This battle was between the Persians and the Greeks and it was a Persian Victory. Xerxes led the Persians, and Leonidas, the king of Sparta, led the Greeks
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Papyrus Paper
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stalk are placed perpendicular to each other and flattened for several days and then they wrote on this.
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Huang He River
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The yellow river where earliest account of chinese civilization started.
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Hatshepsut
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She was a female pharaoh in egypt. She did not bare any boys. In order to gain respect she depicted herself as as a male, but she was still not respected. She is not included on the long list of pharaohs.
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Neo-Babylonian Empire
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They march into jerusalem and destroy it. They also destroyed the temple of solomon. Made Jews move to Babylon.
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The Persian (Achaemenid) Empire
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Founded by Cyrus II. This empire becomes the largest empire to exist, but it eventually falls, because it was too large and the military was too spread out.
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Cyrus II
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Many people liked him, because he respected the people he conquered, and when he conquered places he let most people stay in their official position. He also allowed religious freedom, and he allowed Jews to leave Babylon and return to Jerusalem and rebuild their Temple.
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Darius I
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He was a general in the Persian army who gained the throne. He brought egypt to its greatest extent. He divided the Empire into Satrapis. Built Persepolis, Wrote in cuneiform, and Built a canal linking the Nile to the Red Sea, thus linking shipping from the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean.
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Polis
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The city-state of greece. Was built on a hillside and had three tiers: polis residences, agora, and top is acropolis.
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Agora
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A place for the city market, seat of government, place of worship, venue of entertainment.
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Acropolis
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Was at the top of the polis and contained the chief temples. Not all cites has an acropolis, however, Athens is the most famous.
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Cuneiform
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This is a system of writing first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia.
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Solon
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He was a general and a poet who ended tyranny in Athens.
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Cleisthenes
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Ends tyranny in Athens for good. Brings in the golden age of democracy registers all citizens to their deme. Starts the Council of 500
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certain numbers of wealthy selected from each deme (served a one year term by lottery and could not serve more than 2 year TERM LIMITS!)
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Socrates
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From classical greece. He argued that the citizens was obligated to the city state for all benefits received the Athenian state was one's father and mother. Supremacy of the city state over the individual.
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Sophocles
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He was the most famous greek dramatist. He wrote: King Oedipus and Antigone.
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Ziggurat
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From ancient Mesopotamia, ziggurats were ancient temples.
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