Pre Lim Prep Policy Making: A Matrix Perspective

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4 Policy Areas

Back 1

1. Access
2. Affordability
3. Accountability
4. Quality

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3 Policy Levels

Back 2

1. Federal
2. State
3. Institutional

Front 3

4 Types of Policies

Back 3

1. Funding
2. Regulating
3. Planning
4. Coordinating

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Def: Funding

Back 4

Appropriations by a policy level to fund a segment or higher education.

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Def: Regulating

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Legislative and administrative law that define the ways higher education administrators must act

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Def: Planning

Back 6

Commissions and Organizations that research, forecast, and plan for the future of higher education.

Front 7

Def: Coordinating

Back 7

Governing departments and agencies that maintain oversight of higher education and work to ensure a common outcome.

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Access/Funding/Federal

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GI Bill
Staffard Loans
Tax Credits

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Access/Funding/State

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Virgina Guaranteed Assistant Program - VGAP
Virginia Foster Care Tuition Grant
Others:
Promise Programs like HOPE and the Oklahoma highschool graduate plan
Western Governers University received money from many states to give access to students in those states since many are far away from institutions

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Access/Funding/Institution

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Scholarships for Underrepresented Students
Link Programs

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Access/Regulating/Federal

Back 11

DREAM ACT
ADA/Rehabilitation Act
Change in regulations for about "Seat Time" which provided access through solely online education
AA Case Law
Higher Ed. Opportunity Act
1965 HEA
TRIO Programs
Morrill Act

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Access/Regulating/State

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Laws and Bills
Higher Ed Opportunities Act (VA) 100000 new degrees by '25
Restructuring Act (VA) 2005

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Access/Regulating/Institution

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Admissions Policies

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Access/Planning/Federal

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Spellings Report - Strengthening K12 will provide access

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Access/Planning/Institution

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Commission on Disability Access and Design - N. Arizona University
Commission on Diversity and Inclusion
Tech developing and implementing Principles of Community

Front 16

Access/Coordinating/Federal

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Office of Post-Secondary Education

Front 17

Access/Coordinating/State

Back 17

VA Legislature is coordinating distance education in VA
State Education Departments

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Access/Coordinating/Institution

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Office of Diversity and Inclusion
Governing Boards Strategic plan that includes access goals

Front 19

Affordability/Funding/Federal

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Federal Loans - Title IV
Tax Benefits

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Affordability/Funding/State

Back 20

Governor caps on increases (Currently one in VA)
State Allocations to higher education

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Affordability/Regulating/Federal

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Congressional Hearings (most recently on distance education)

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Affordability/Regulating/State

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New Jersey Restructuring of Rutgers
Laws that identify state's recognition of undocumented students

Front 23

Affordability/Regulating/Institution

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Institutional Outsourcing to control prices and quality
Institutions purchasing and allowing MOOCs to be used to class credits

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Affordability/Planning/Federal

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Federal planning through multiple Higher Education Bills to plan for the future of higher education and make it affordable. GI Bill

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Affordability/Planning/State

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States either granting or not granting recognition/charter to institution. For instance, Nevada has very few and VA has a lot.
State planning for allowing out of state student percentages

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Affordability/Planning/Institution

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For Profits planning for gaining profit from their constituents.
Strategic plans for the out of state recruitment

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Affordability/Coordinating/Federal

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Congressional hearings which oversee the affordability of higher education especially in distance education.
The President's Commission on Higher Education 1947 - Truman
Commission on the Cost of Higher Education 1998

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Affordability/Coordinating/State

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Texas Higher Education Coordination Board
Washington Student Achievement Council

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Affordability/Coordinating/Institution

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The Office of Administration cooridinates between the offices to put together an overall budget, taking into account the needs of the institution and the affordability to the student.

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Accountability/Funding/Federal

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The federal funding mandates on instiuttions to receive federal loans, namely that they maintain accredidation.
FAFSA - accountability for students

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Accountability/Funding/State

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S.C. Performance based funding
(a) completion;
(b) affordability and access;
(c) educational quality;
(d) economic development and institutional mission;

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Accountability/Funding/Institution

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Performance based funding - institutions will give money to departments that advance their mission. For instance, at VT, there is a funding source (Provost Fund) for faculty who put their classes online. If they do this then part of the money from the class goes to the department.

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Accountability/Regulating/Federal

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Accreditation organizations like SACS
LAWS such as the law that HED law that institutional recruitment councilors cannot be paid per student

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Accountability/Regulating/State

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Organizations like SCHEV
The stipulations in the Virginia restructuring act that requires institutions to give accountability reports to the legislature and outlines the accountability measures they must achieve to advance to the next level
South Dakota students must achieve a minimum ACT score

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Accountability/Regulating/Institution

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Tenure processes

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Accountability/Planning/Federal

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Re authorization of the higher education act

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Accountability/Planning/State

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Chris Christie plan for changing higher education in New Jersey to make it more accountable
Virgina Restructuring Act

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Accountability/Planning/Institution

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Accountability/Coordinating/Federal

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SACS and others

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Accountability/Coordinating/State

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Texas Higher Education Coordination Board
SCHEV

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Accountability/Coordinating/Institution

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Self-Review committees and reports such as the UC accountability report

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Quality/Funding/Federal

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Quality/Funding/State

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Quality/Funding/Institution

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Quality/Regulating/Federal

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Quality/Regulating/State

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Complete College Tennessee Act

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Quality/Regulating/Institution

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Quality/Planning/Federal

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Front 49

Quality/Planning/State

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Quality/Planning/Institution

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Front 51

Quality/Coordinatig/Federal

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Quality/Coordinating/State

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Quality/Coordinating/Institution

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Front 54

Types of access

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1. Financial Access
2. Geographic Access
3. Programmatic Access
4. Academic Access
5. Cultural/social/physical access

Front 55

Name of the Spellings Report

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A Test of Leadership: Charting the future of US. Higher Education

Front 56

Aspects of Affordability that must be understood

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1. Price
2. Role of Financial Aid
3. Additional Costs (room, board, additional charges)

Front 57

For almost 4 decades

Back 57

the price of an education has increased double that of inflation. (Heller, 2011)

Front 58

Two funding access programs described by Hauptman

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1. HOPE - both success and issues about needs based
2. Pre-paid - disproportionately used by middle and upper class

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One of the sharpest delineations between state and federal programs for assistance money is that

Back 59

the federal programs have always acted like voucher systems that are portable across institution. (Hauptman)

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Completion rates for different ethnicity is stark

Back 60

Callan

Front 61

Remember Measuring UP

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The grading of state higher education
- Preparation for college
- Participation
- Affordability
- Completion
- Benefits

Front 62

2013 Issues in Higher Education AASCU

Back 62

1. Boosting Institutional Performance
2. State Operating Support for Public Higher Education
3. Tuition Prices and Tuition Policy
4. State Student Grant Aid Programs
5. College Readiness
6. Immigration
7. Competency-Based and Online Education
8. Guns on Campus
9. Economic and Workforce Development
10. Consumer Protection Involving for-Profit Colleges

Front 63

Bardach's steps for Policy

Back 63

Step 1: Define Problem
Step 2: Assemble Some Evidence
Step 3: Construct Alternatives
Step 4: Select the Criteria
Step 5: Project the outcomes
Step 6: Confront the Tradeoffs
Step 7: Decide!
Step 8: Tell Your Story

Front 64

Kingdon's parallel streams

Back 64

- problems
- proposals
- politics