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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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bis
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until, as fas as, up tto, by a certain point or time
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fuer
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indicate duration, only when time is unrelated to main verb
ex: er fuhr fuer eine woche nach Wien |
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seit+dative, or schon
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to indicate how long an activity has been going on
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gegen
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against, into, in exchange for
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aus
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out of, from, made of
usually dative |
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ausser
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except for, besides, out of
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bei
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by, near, at, with, in case of, during, upon, when, while doing
**when used before a verb means, while doing an activity ex: gestern abend schlief ich beim Lesen ein |
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gegenueber
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across from, opposite
**usually comes after pronoun object often joined with von, which is followed by object pronoun |
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nach
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to, toward, according to
*motion toward a place/object *sometimes according to or judging by, nach follows its object in this case |
when used after perception verbs, means what something looks, smells or tastes like
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seit
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since, for
*as preposition, nouns following it are dative * as conjunction, has no effect on case |
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von
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from a source
ex: in deutschland bekommen viele studenten ein stipendium vom Staat *means of when expresses relationship of belonging between two nouns; only used when no modifier in genitive case ex: sie ist die tante vom Phillip |
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von...aus
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vantage point/moition away from particular location
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von...an
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point from which activity starts and continues
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zum
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commonly used with infinitives as nouns
ex: wir haben nichts zum Essen |
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an
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to (akk),
*sie gingen an die tafel at (dative), sie standen an der Tafel on(vertical surfaces) das bild hing an der wand |
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auf
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on(horizontal surface, dative)
onto(direction, akk) *at/in, going to countryside, festivities, institutions *use with pictures ex: wer steht neber dir auf dem bild? |
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in
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direction to countries whose german names include articles
ex: wir gehen in die turkei |
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unter
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under, beneath, below, among
ex: sie sind hier unter freunden |
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vor
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with units of time, vor means ago and takes dative
*sie rief vor einer stunde an |
goes with verbs deonting deference or fear
ex: Achtung/Respekt haben vor erschrecken vor |
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entlang
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along
dative: precedes noun, position along an object akk: follows noun, direction along an object |
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anstattm waehren, trotz
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used infrequently with pronouns,
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wegen
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takes dative pronouns, or combines with pronoun forms
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meinetwegen
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for all i care about, its okay by me
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ausserhalb
innerhalb oberhalb unterhalb diesseits jenseits |
outside of
inside of above beneath diesseits jenseits |
can be followed by either genitive or von+dative
* in plural, von+dative if no article to show case |
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grenzen an [akk]
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border on
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sich richten an [akk]
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to direct (a comment or question) to
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sich wenden an [akk]
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to turn to, appeal to
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[jemand] erkennen an [dative]
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to recognize someone by
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[jemand] hindern an [dat]
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to hinder/prevent
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um
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describes activities where something is at stake or being requested
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bekommen
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to get or receive
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erhalten
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more formal than bekommen
ex: wir haben ihren Brief erhalten |
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kriegen
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more colloquial than bekommen
ex: was hast du von deiner tante zum geburtstag gekriegt? |
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holen
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to go and get or fetch
often with dative indicating for whom |
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