Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Warmth, sunlight, ------------- and water are the conditions needed for a vine to produce healthy crop?
|
nutrients
|
|
|
What are the four conditions necessary for a vine to produce healthy crops?
|
Warmth, water , nutrients and sunlight.
|
|
|
Why are warmth, sunlight, nutrients and water needed for vines?
|
to produce healthy crops
|
|
|
What are the environmental factors that influence the availability of the conditions necessary to grow healthy crops?
|
Climate, weather, soils and slopes.
|
|
|
How do climate, weather, soils and slopes influence the conditions necessary to grow healthy crops?
|
Climate: hot, moderate, cool
Weather: vintage, effect of weather on vintage Soils and slopes: drainage, nutrients, water |
|
|
What are environmental factors to conditions?
|
environmental factors influence the availability of the conditions needed to grow healthy crops
|
|
|
describe the effect of grape growing on wine production cost
|
pests and disease, harvest
|
|
|
what affects the production cost of grape growing?
|
pests and disease, harvest
|
|
|
What are the 2 things that can affect wine making production cost?
|
production: crushing, pressing, fermentation, types of vessels and temperatures
styles: red, rose, white, sparkling, fortified, sweet, medium, dry. |
|
|
Production and ----------- affect the wine making production costs.
|
styles: red, rose,white, sparkling, fortified, sweet, medium, dry.
|
|
|
describe the effects of maturation on wine production costs and wine styles
|
Maturation: types of vessels, effects of oxygen, effect on flavors
|
|
|
How does maturation affect wine production cost?
|
types of vessels, effect on oxygen and effects on flavors.
|
|
|
What are the 5 factors affecting wine style, quality and prices?
|
grape variety
environment grape growing wine making maturation |
|
|
grape variety, ------------, grape growing, ------------- and maturation are the 5 factors affecting wine style, quality and prices
|
environment
wine making |
|
|
What are grape variety, environment, grape growing, wine making and maturation?
|
the 5 factors affecting the wine style, quality and prices
|
|
|
What are the 8 key grape varieties used for wine production?
|
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc Riesling Pinot Noir Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Syrah Grenache |
|
|
Avoid combining oily food or very salty foods with ------------?
|
High tannin wines
|
|
|
Pair sweet food with --------------?
|
sweet wines
|
|
|
Pair oily food with -----------------?
|
high acid wines
|
|
|
Pair ------------ with tannic wines
|
chewy meat
|
|
|
Pair salty foods with ------------- or high acid wines?
|
sweet
|
|
|
Pair rich food with -----------------------?
|
full bodied wine
|
|
|
Pair intense flavor dish with ------------------?
|
intense flavored wines
|
|
|
What is the WSET approach to wine tasting
|
appearance
nose palate conclusion |
|
|
----------------------, nose, ---------------- and conclusion are the WSET approach to wine tasting
|
appearance and palate
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of French oak?
|
subtle toast, nutty flavors
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of American oak?
|
sweet coconut and vanilla
|
|
|
What happens during maturation without oxygen (oxidation)?
|
fresh fruit aromas of young wines change into vegetal, cooked fruit and animal notes
|
|
|
What happens during maturation with oxygen (oxidation)?
|
softens tannins, adds toffee, fig and hazelnut flavors
|
|
|
What temperatures is white wine fermented at?
|
15 to 20 C
|
|
|
Is red wine fermented at higher or lower temperature than white wine?
|
Higher, 25 to 30 C
|
|
|
What are the flavors of cool climate chardonnay?
|
green fruit, high acid
|
|
|
A chardonnay with green fruit flavors and high acid comes from what climate?
|
cool climate
|
|
|
What are the flavors of a moderate climate chardonnay?
|
citrus, stone fruit, med/high acid
|
|
|
A chardonnay with citrus, stone fruit flavors and med/high acid comes from what climate?
|
moderate climate
|
|
|
What are the flavors of a hot climate chardonnay?
|
tropical fruit, medium acid
|
|
|
A chardonnay with tropical fruit flavors and medium acid comes from what climate?
|
hot climate
|
|
|
What does lees do to wine?
|
add creamy texture and savory flavors
|
|
|
What does lees mean?
|
that a wine is left fermented with dead yeast cell
|
|
|
What does malolactic fermentation do to wine?
|
changes harsh acid into lighter wines and adds dairy flavors
|
|
|
What are the 6 premium regions for Chardonnay
|
Australia
New Zealand California Chile Argentina South Africa |
|
|
Australia
New Zealand California Chile Argentina South Africa are 6 premium regions for what type of wines? |
Chardonnay, Cabernet and Merlot
|
|
|
What are the major Chardonnay regions in French Burgundy?
|
Chablis
Meursault Puligny-Montrachet Macon Pouilly Fuisse |
|
|
Chablis
Meursault Puligny-Montrachet Macon Pouilly Fuisse are regions in France that produce what type of wine? |
Chardonnay
|
|
|
What 5 regions of Australia produce Chardonnay?
|
Adelaide Hills, Limestone coast, margaret river, Victoria and Hunter Valley
|
|
|
Adelaide Hills, Limestone coast, margaret river, Victoria and Hunter Valley produce what type of wine?
|
Chardonnay
|
|
|
Adelaide Hills, Limestone coast, margaret river, Victoria and Hunter Valley are in what country?
|
Australia
|
|
|
What are the major wine producing regions in France?
|
Burgundy, Bordeaux, Rhone, Loire and Alsace
|
|
|
What are some regionally important grape in France?
|
Gamay
Muscadet, Semillon, Gewurztraminer, Chenin Blanc, Pinot Gris |
|
|
What are the major wine producing regions in Germany?
|
Mosel, Rheingau and Pfalz.
|
|
|
What are the major wine producing regions in Italy?
|
Piedmont and NW
Veneto and NE Tuscany and central Southern |
|
|
What are regionally important black grape varieties in Italy?
|
Sangiovese, Nebbiolo, Montepulciano, Barbera, primitivo
|
|
|
What are regionally important white grape varieties in Italy?
|
Pinot Grigio, Trebbiano, Verdicchio
|
|
|
What are the major wine producing regions in Spain?
|
Rioja, Navarra, Ribera del Duero, Catalunya, la Mancha y Vadelpenas
|
|
|
What are regionally important black grape varieties in Spain?
|
Tempranillo y Garnacha
|
|
|
What are the major wine producing regions in USA?
|
California and Oregon
|
|
|
What are regionally important black grape varieties in USA?
|
Zinfandel
|
|
|
What are the major wine producing regions in Argentina?
|
Mendoza y Cafayate
|
|
|
What are regionally important black grape varieties in Argentina?
|
Malbec
|
|
|
What are regionally important white grape varieties in Argentina?
|
Torrontes
|
|
|
What are the wine producing regions in Chile?
|
Central Valley, Maipo y Rapel, Casablanca
|
|
|
What is the regionally important grape variety in Chile?
|
Carmenere
|
|
|
What is the regionally important grape variety in Australia?
|
Semillon
|
|
|
What are the wine producing regions in Australia?
|
Hunter Valley, Adelaide Hills, Barossa Valley, Eden Valley and Clare Valley,McClaren Vale, Limestone coast, Coonawarra, Margaret river,Victoria
|
|
|
What are the wine producing regions in New Zealand?
|
Hawkes bay, gisborne, Martinborough, Marlborough and central otago
|
|
|
What are the wine producing regions in South Africa?
|
Stellenbosch and Western Cape
|
|
|
What is the regionally important grape variety in South Africa?
|
Pinotage
Chenin Blanc |
|
|
What country is the labeling term AOC or AC?
|
France
|
|
|
What is the italian version of Vin de Pays?
|
IGT
|
|
|
What does QbA stand for and for what country?
|
AOC for Germany
|
|
|
What are the labeling term for all the countries meaning Quality Wine Produced in a Specified Region (QWPSR)?
|
France: AOC or AC
Germany: QbA Italy: DOCG or DOC Spain: DOC or DO Portugal DOC |
|
|
What are the labeling term for all the countries meaning Landwein?
|
France: Vin de Pays
Italy: IGT Spain: Vino de la Tierra Portugal: Vinho regional |
|
|
What are the labeling term for all the countries meaning Vino Table wine?
|
France: vin de table
Germany: Tafelwein Italy: Vino da Tavola Spain: Vino de mesa Portugal: vinho de mesa |
|
|
Wine in all languages
|
Vin
Vino Vino Vinho Wein |
|
|
Red in all languages
|
Rouge
Rosso Tinto Tinto Rot |
|
|
Rose in all languages
|
Rose
Rosato Rosado Rosado Rose |
|
|
White in all languages
|
Blanc
Bianco Blanco Branco Weiss |
|
|
Dry in all languages
|
Sec
Secco Seco Seco Troken |
|
|
Sweet in all languages
|
Doux
Dolce Dulce Doce Suss |
|
|
What language is Branco in and what does it mean?
|
Italian, White
|
|
|
What language is Weiss in and what does it mean?
|
German, white
|
|
|
What language is Doce in and what does it mean
|
Portuguese, sweet
|
|
|
What language is Rosato in and what does it mean?
|
Italian, Rose
|
|
|
What language is Suss in and what does it mean?
|
German, sweet
|
|
|
To what french wines do you apply Premier Cru, Grand Cru and Nouveau?
|
Burgundy and Beaujolais
|
|
|
To what french wine do you apply Superieur, Grand vin, Cru Bourgeois and Grand Cru Classe?
|
Bordeaux
|
|
|
To what french wine do you apply Grand Cru?
|
Alsace
|
|
|
To what french wine do you apply Sur Lie?
|
Loire
|
|
|
What are Kabinett, Spatlese and Auslese?
|
considered dry German Rieslings
|
|
|
What are Beerenauslese, trockenbeerenauslese and eiswein?
|
German sweet wine
|
|
|
What are the 4 categories of Spanish wine from the youngest to the most matured?
|
Joven, crianza, Reserva y gran reserva
|
|
|
What countries produce sparkling wines?
|
France, Spain, Germany and Italy
|
|
|
Where does Sekt come from?
|
Germany
|
|
|
Where does Asti come from?
|
Italy
|
|
|
What is the sparkling wine from Spain
|
Cava
|
|
|
What sparkling wine does Italy produce?
|
Asti and Prosecco
|
|
|
What are the most important grape varieties used in sparkling wine?
|
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Muscat
|
|
|
What does Brut mean on a Champagne bottle?
|
it's a dry wine
|
|
|
What does Vintage mean on a sparkling wine bottle?
|
that the year yielded perfect grapes and that the grapes used for that wine are only from that year
|
|
|
What are the methods for making sparkling wines?
|
Tank fermentation or bottle fermentation
|
|
|
What is the tank method for making sparkling wines?
|
Fermented and bottled under pressure. quicker, cheaper but also coarser bubbles that dissipate quickly
|
|
|
What is the traditional method for making sparkling wines?
|
Base wine, second fermentation, yeast autolysis, disgorgement. labor intensive and slower, more expensive but toasty, biscuity complexity. Fine bubbles
|
|
|
What are the 2 most famous sparkling wine that use the traditional method?
|
Champagne and cava
|
|
|
Name a red sparkling wine and where from?
|
Shiraz, Australia
|
|
|
French sweet wines?
|
Sauternes, Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise
|
|
|
Spanish sweet and fortified wines?
|
Moscatel de Valencia, Sherry (Fino, Amontadillo, Oloroso)
|
|
|
German sweet wines?
|
Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese, eiswein
|
|
|
Portugal sweet and fortified wines?
|
Port (tawny, vintage, LBV, Ruby)
|
|
|
Hungarian sweet wines?
|
Tokaji
|
|
|
Australian sweet wines?
|
Botrytis semillon, Rutherglen Muscat
|
|
|
What countries produce sweet and fortified wines?
|
France
Germany Spain Portugal Hungary Australia |
|
|
What are the most important grape varieties in producing sweet and fortified wines?
|
Semillon, muscat and Riesling
|
|
|
How is Sherry made?
|
Fortification after fermentation and ageing
|
|
|
How is Port made?
|
Fortification during fermentation to stop process and ageing
|
|
|
What are unfortified sweet wines made from?
|
noble rot/botrytis, icewine and shrivelled grapes
|
