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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychoanalytic approach emphasized the....
How was neurotic behavior interpreted... |
unconscious
as goal oriented behavior not meaningless or random. |
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Freud’s theory is grounded in
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psychological determinism
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Topographical Model of the Mind: The mind is divided into these three levels of functioning:
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Concious
Pre-conscious Unconcious |
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The unconscious is...
-methods to bring out the unconscious. |
The portion of the mind of which a person is not aware.
-hypnosis -dream analysis -free association |
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All of our mental activities, the combination of our conscious and unconscious.
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psyche
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Our psyche's were divided into three classes which Freud labled...
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Id
Ego Superego |
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ID
-contents (drives) -principle of operation |
primitive drives and emotions
Pleasure principle |
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Ego
-contents (drives) -principle of operation |
Balances the id and the superego.
Reality principle |
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Superego
-contents (drives) -principle of operation |
internalizes social norms
morality principle |
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ID
- developed when - closely tied to what functions - entirely from what portion of the mind? |
At birth (inherited, instinctinve)
biological functions (eat, drink, sex) unconsious |
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Reality principle asserts that the true purpose of life is...
Unmet needs result in... |
immediate satisfaction
"aversive tension" |
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EGO
-develops... - why is it called the "decision-maker" - operates at what level of the mind? |
out of the id
balances the needs of the id in socially acceptible ways. all levels mostly conscious and preconscious. |
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Reality principle
-the focus of the reality principle is to... |
satisfy the id in the most socially acceptible way.
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Superego
-develops... - oversees.. - operates at what levels... |
in childhood (4-5 y.o)
the ego and makes sure it acts MORALLY All levels of consciousness. |
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KEY POINT in Freud's theory
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Key point: Balance is an important feature of Freud’s perspective
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What are the psychosexual stages in order.
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Oral
Anal Phallic Latency Genital |
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Freud believed that the development of the mind occured by the libido shifting...
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The gradual development of the mind as the libido is redirected to different parts of the body
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Psychosexual stages:
-children pass through... - ________ is formed at each stage -unresolved conflicts cause... |
each of the steps (unless they get stuck in one)
A critical element to personality is determined at each stage. conflicts cause a fixation in that stage. |
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Oral stage
Theme Conflict Consequence |
Infants are driven to satisfy their biological drives of hunger and thirst.
End of breast feeding Oral fixation- nervous, chew on everything, preoccupation with food. |
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Anal stage
Theme Conflict Consequence |
child relieves himself by removing bodily wastes
toilet training anal-expulsiveness or anal-retentiveness |
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Phallic stage
Theme Conflict Consequence |
Children gain pleasure through the genitals
Oedipus and Electra complexes Overt sexual behavior, alignment with same-sex parent. |
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Girls and the phallic stage.
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Girls not afraid enough of castration (no penis) so they identify less with MOMS and develop less ego-strength and therefore are more comonly fixated at this stage (inflated or repressed sexuality)
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Latency Stage
Theme Conflict Consequence |
psychosexual energy is channeled into academic and social pursuits
NONE NONE |
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Genital stage
Theme Conflict Consequence |
satisfaction from mature relationships
the genitals not the awareness but the function of the genitals |
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What does a healthy individual LOOK LIKE?
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These are individuals who made it through the stages with no major fixations and enough energy.
"Healthy development is the ability to love and work in a healthy way." |
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pushing threatening thoughts/ideas into the unconscious
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Repression
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Repression is considered _________ defense mechanism.
What is so important about repression? |
Repression is the most basic defense mechanism.
Repression must occur before other mechanisms can be used. |
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objectionable thoughts are repressed and their opposites expressed
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reaction formation
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refusing to acknowledge anxiety- provoking stimuli despite abundant evidence for its reality
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Denial
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attributing anxiety provoking impulses or thoughts to others
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projection
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shifting of one’s unconscious aggression or fears to a safer target (hydraulic model)
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Displacement
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dangerous urges are transformed into positive, socially meaningful motivations
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Sublimation
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protects the individual by returning to an earlier, “safer” time of life
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Regression
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creating logical and socially acceptable explanations for behaviors which were driven by unconscious impulses
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Rationalization
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disturbing thought is not denied consciousness, but related negative emotions are repressed
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intellectualization
terminally ill family members learn all about the disease to detach emotionally. |
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internalization of the values and mannerisms of a feared person thereby reducing him or her as a threat
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identification with the agressor
Very common in hostage situations |
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Manifestations of repressed thoughts in the course of everyday living
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Parapraxes or Freuidian slips (rememeber everything happens for a reason)
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why did Freud believe parapraxes happen?
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To reveal unconscious motives.
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Freud believed that gender differnces were _______ in nature.
He believed women were inferior because... What did Freud believe at least partially contributed to women's inferiority? |
Biological
Penis envy was not as severe as castration anxiety and thus women developed weaker super-ego's. societal oppression. |
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Dream analysis
-Freud analyzed dreams because he thought dreams were... |
Products of the psyche and therefore hints of the unconscious.
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According to Freud dreams were made of two components. What were they? and what is the difference?
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Manifest content: the content of a dream that a person remembers
Latent content: the underlying hidden meaning of a dream |
