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279 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe a papule.
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an elevated lesion < 0.5cm in diameter
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what is a small (<1cm), circumscribed area of color change without elevation or depression of the skin?
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macule
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What is a patch?
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a larger (> 1cm) area of color change without skin elevation or depression
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What is a mobile, elevated, solid lesion that is > 0.5-1cm?
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nodule
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___ are plateau-shaped structures often formed by the coalescence of papules.
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plaques
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What is the hallmark of wheals?
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they move around
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Describe a wheal.
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pink, rounded, or flat-topped elevations due to edema in the skin
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what should be on the differential if a child has hives in the winter-spring and is between the ages of 5-15?
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strep
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what is a vesicle?
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fluid filled lesions < 0.5 cm in diameter and filled with serous or clear fluid
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what are the most common cause of vesicles?
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varicella
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__ are fluid filled lesions < 0.5cm in diameter and filled with purulent material
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pustules
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what infection is most commonly associated with bullae?
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staph
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if there are crusted lesions on the body, what bacteria is most often the cause?
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strep
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what are bullae?
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fluid filled lesion 0.5cm or > in diameter and filled with serous or clear fluid
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what is an erosion?
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superficial loss of epidermis with moist base
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describe an ulcer.
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deeper lesion extending into the dermis or below
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a lesion distributed along or resembling a line is said to be ___
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linear: koebner
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lesions with ring-like configuration are documented as ___
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annular
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lesions that cluster have what configuration?
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grouped
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what is serpiginous arranagement?
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lesions with a wavy or serpent-like appearance.
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which lesions are classic of rheumatic fever?
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serpiginous
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lesions with a net-like arrangement are called ___
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reticular
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what is a targetoid lesion?
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resembles an archer's bull's eye
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what arrangement does nevi of yohanasun follow? what must children with this lesion have for treatment?
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linear; must remove because of increased risk of malignancy
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lichen striatus lesions are linear and follow the lines of ___
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ballasko
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what is tinea circinata?
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annular lesion with a double ring
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which lesions are classically grouped?
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HSV
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what is the name of the lesion of rheumatic fever>?
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erythema marginata
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what are the lesions like of parvovirus?
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reticular
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lesions describe as erythema muliforme and targetoid shape are common with __ __
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drug reactions
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What type of disease can cause discoid skin lesions?
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lupus
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what is crusting?
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dried fluid, commonly seen following rupture of vesicles or bullae
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define scaling.
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represents epidermal fragments that are characteristic of several disorders, including fungal infections and psoriasis. disorder of the corneum stratum
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what skin disorder occurs from chronic dermatitis and caused by severe scratching?
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lichenification.
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what is lichenification?
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thickening of the skin from chronic rubbing or scratching as a result, normal creases appear more prominent
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how many times must a person scratch to have lichenification?
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100,000
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what is ehler danslo?
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associated with thinning of the skin
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define atrophy.
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an area of surface depression due to absence of the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous fat. It may be thing and wrinkled
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ToF: a person can have an allergic reaction to a tattoo
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true
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describe the reactions that can occur from tattoos?
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allergic reactions, including eczematous reactions, swelling, photoallergy, foreign-body granulomas, lichenoid reactions, pseudolymphomatous reactions and scarring
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what are the categories of acute and chronic dermatitis?
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-seborrheic
-atopic -contact |
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what part of the newborn is most likely to get seborrheic derm? why?
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the anterior fontanelle, because mom is afraid to wash it.
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What are the age groups that are commonly seen with seborrheic derm?
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newborn and adolescents with increase in hormones
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what are the organisms that are responsible for seborrheic derm?
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pityrosporum Ovale, lipophilic yeast of malassezia genus
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if a child presents with a seborrheic like lesion on the head but is school age, what is the differential?
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tinea capitus
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what treatment does seborrhea respond to?
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antifungals
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ToF; seborrheic derm may induce an inflammatory response
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true
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where is seborrhea often seen?
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areas where sebaceous blends in high freq are most active:
-scalp -eyebrows -eyelashes -forehead -nasolabial fold -external ear -bra line -groin |
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seborrheic derm is under __ control
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androgen
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ToF: outdoor recreation has been found to reduce seborrhea
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true; but avoid sun damage
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what should be r/o with an adolescent with seborrhea on the face?
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neurologic disorder; parkinsons
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what type of shampoos are Rxed for seborrhea?
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-antidandruff: 2.5% selenium sulfide; 1-2% pyrithione zinc
-Coal Tar: TGel -ketoconazole shampoo |
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what are the OTC salicylic acid washes used for seborrhea?
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X-seb, scalpicin
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what products have pyrithione zinc 1% for seborrhea?
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head and shoulders, Zincon, Dandex
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DHS zinc and theraplex Z have __ in it to treat seborrhea
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pyrithione zinc 2%
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what are the prescription options for selenium sulfide?
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selsun, exsel or pyrithione zinc
DHS zinc, head an shoulders |
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what is in carmol HC?
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urea and hydrocortisone used to treat seborrhea
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what drug has been found to be useful off label for seborrhea?
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elidel
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which group should not shampoo daily?
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african americans; weekly is suggested
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what is a good treatment option for AA with seborrhea?
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Fluocinolone acetonide in oil as pomade; can also use a moderate to mid potency topical corticosteroid in ointment base
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a child with pitaryasis alba may also present with what skin issue?
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palms may be cracked and wrinkled
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ToF: pityriasis alba has scaling
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false
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children with pityriasis alba usually have an underlying __-
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allergy: atopy
-asthma |
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what is the only thing used for pityriasis alba?
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hydrocortisone 1% but for no more than 2 weeks.
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what can happen to the skin with pityriasis alba>
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may become thin, telectasia. they need moisture
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what is nummular eczema?
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often associated with dry skin, round pathch of dry skin with papules in a circle that can be pruritic.
use a mid-level steroid, use ointment vs cream |
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what formulations are preferred for dry skin vs weeping skin.
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dry: ointment
weeping: cream |
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ToF: it is common to get a secondary staph or strep with dermatitis
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true
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what are the 3 needed combos of drugs to treat dermatitis
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moisturization
anti-infectives -inflammation: coritcosteroids |
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what is the magic cream designed by RMJ?
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-bactroban 15g
-lotrimin cream 15g -hydrocortisone 2.5% ointment 15g have pharm mix it together |
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what are the newer product lines for atopic derm?
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-eletone: nonsteroidal cream
-cetaphil restoaderm skin restoring body wash and moisturizer |
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what should you encourage all parents to do with kids with dry skin?
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wet to dry pjs after the bath
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what are ritas top 3 moisturizer picks?
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-vanicream
-cetaphil -cereve |
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ToF: vasoline is a good choice for AA children with dry skin
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false: it will bleach their skin
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What does atopic derm spare?
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the nasolabial folds on the face
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what is the # 1 cause of contact derm?
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nickel allegy
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what are the types of contact derm?
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-photo contact derm usually occurs on sun-exposed areas
-allergic contact derm: --contact urticaria --irritant contact derm |
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what is ichthyiosis vulgaris?
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dry areas usually down the legs
-if seen all over it is a severe form -can get a secondary fungal infection |
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describe lichen nitidins
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-like keritosis but more raised
-common in kids with color |
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what product present in many creams causes contact derm in 25% of children with allergies
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neomycin
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what does neomycin contact derm rival?
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poison ivy
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ToF: an allergy can occur from the vehicle that a medication is suspended in
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true
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how do you treat lip lickers dermatitis?
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hydrocortisone 1%
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allergic contact derm is a type __ T cell mediated that is in the blood and an must be treated for a long time
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IV
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what is the possible cause of a rash on the stomach below the belly button
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nickle allergy to the jean buckle
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what medication can be used to treat atopic derm around the eyes?
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protopic
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what are the common types of irritant contact derm?
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-lip lickers
-soap exposure -water or industrial solvents |
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what are the common types of allergic contact derm
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-drug reactions
-rhus derm -shoe, glove, latex, metal (mercury and nickel) -cosmetics |
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what is the allergic component of deodorant?
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aluminum
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what is the only allergy to go from a type IV to a type I anaphylaxis?
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latex
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describe poison ivy reaction. (rhus reaction)
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non-defined boarders, koebner and weeping. extremely pruritic vesiculopustular erythematous reaction
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what is the product of the rhus plant to cause a reaction?
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oleoresin
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ToF: the contents of the vesicle of rhus dermatitis spread the dermatitis
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false
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What is the appropriate dosing to begin oral steroids for allergic contact dermatitis? How long do you stay on them?
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2mg and taper down over 14-21 days
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what HC ointment is used for allergic contact dermatitis?
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Type 3 HC ex: triamsinaline
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what is the management of contact dermatitis?
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-if mild, local steroid
-if widespread, needs systemic steroids not with dose packs, need longer period -systemic antihistamines -protection and reduce the incidence of exposure |
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what are the top 10 offendings Allergens of contact dermatitis?
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1. nickel
2. cobalt chloride 3. thimerosal 4. Gold 5. fragrance mix 6. neomycin 7. balsam of peru 8. colophony 9. formaldehyde 10. lanolin |
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what is good to treat weeping dermatitis?
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burrow solution/acetic acid
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what is the treatment for "complete avoidance types" contact dermatitis?
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-remove irritant, flush skin with water
-burrows solution - tropical steroid -prednisone if extensive |
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what are the drugs that can be used for itch?
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-topical steroid
-antihistamines (never use topical) -pramoxine (topical anesthetic) -capsaicin -menthol |
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ToF: antihistamines can be used to help the itch of eczema.
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false; it doesn't work
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what is pramoxine?
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topical anesthetic to help with it, that is a pepper base
-aveeno anti-itch -pramasone |
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Describe capsaicin.
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cream activate the RTP-V1 channel to produce mildly painful sensation and interferes with itch
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what are the menthol products to help itch?
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sarna, and aveeno
-activates TRP channels to create a competetive sensation to itch |
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when does phyto-photodermatitis occur?
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after contact with photosensitizing compounds in plants and exposure to sunlight
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what is phyto-photodermatitis often confused with?
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atopic derm: type 4 hyersens reaction (contact derm) or a chemical burn
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list the triggers for phyto-photodermatitis.
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-furocoumarins found in limes, lemons, oranges, celery, fig, parsnip, parlsey, carrots, dill and perfumes
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what happens after a phyto-photodermatitis? how?
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post inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
-melanin that is usually in the epidermis falls into the dermis and is ingested by melanophages |
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what are the papulosquamous disorders?
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=psoriasis
-pityriasis rosea |
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ToF: psoriasis spares the nasolabial folds
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false
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what is a good way to diganose psoriasis?
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look for the positive aushpitz sign
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what is psoriasis?
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chronic genetic skin condition that affects 1-3% of US
-usually has a fam hx -men and women equally affected |
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what does psoriasis look like?
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silvery white or grayish white scaling plaques
-usually symmetrical |
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what does psoriasis do to the nails?
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causes nail pitting, onycholysis (lifting of the nail) and sub ungual debris
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what is guttate psoriasis?
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looks like tear drops induced by strep
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what is usually the trigger for psoriasis?
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an episode of strep pharyngitis
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What can precipitate psoriasis?
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trauma, infection, endocrine imbalance, drugs (beta blockers, lithium, systemic steroids) and emotional stress
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__% of cases of psoriasis start in childhood/adolescents.
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37
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the plaques of psoriasis are ___, erythematous and covered with __ scale
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circumscribed; micaceous
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what are the most common sites for psoriasis?
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elbow
knee buttocks scalp nails |
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ToF: the koebner phenom is often seen in psoriasis
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true
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ToF: psoriasis is pruritic
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true
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what are the forms of psoriasis?
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-napkin
-guttate (1 or 2 weeks after strep) -scalp -erythrodermic -pustular -psoriatic arthritis |
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How do you treat guttate psoriasis?
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treat the underlying strep infection
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what part of the body does guttate psoriasis occur most?
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trunk, abdomen, and back
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What is inverse psoriasis?
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-found in the folds
-thick plaques in axillae and groin -secondary infection with candida |
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what are the new and old topical treatments for psoriasis?
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-anthralin cream 1%
-topical steroids -tar -topical calcineurin inhibitors twice a day (off label) |
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What treatment for psoriasis has been found to stop the proliferation of the corneum stratum
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phototherapy
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what are the systemic agents used to treat psoriasis?
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-cyclosporin
-oral Abx -methotrexate -retinoids (oral accutane) |
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list the biological agents used to treat psoriasis?
|
-etanercep (subcut)
-adalimumab (subcut -inflixibmab (IV) -not approved for this use |
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what are the alternative therapies for psoriasis?
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-omega 3 fatty acids
-indigo naturalis (a traditional chinese medicine) |
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What are agents that cause pityriasis rosea?
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-Sunlight
-erythromycin -acyclovir |
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How does pityriasis rosea begin?
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herald patch on the trunk
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Pityriasis rosea turns into a generalized, ____ eruption within __ weeks
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non-pruritic; 2
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describe pityriasis rosea.
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characterized by oval, erythematous lesions with long axis in lines of skin cleavage
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hong long does pityriasis take to clear?
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spontaneously in 6 weeks
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what is pityriasis rosea often confused with?
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secondary syphilis and generalized tinea corporis
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ToF: pityriasis can be found on the palms
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false: syphilis does
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how does pityriasis rosea spread?
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like a Christmas tree down the trunk and spares the palms and the feet
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what should always be checked for a child with alopecia areata?
|
Thyroid: Hashimoto's TSH and FreeT4
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Alopeica areata can be a reaction to ___
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stress or a thyroid condition
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what is alopecia areata?
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Sudden loss of hair and it comes out in clumps.
-well circumscribed annular patches of alopecia |
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What disorder in children has exclamation point hairs and sparing of white hairs.
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alopecia areata
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Nail pitting occurs 10% of children with __ ___
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alopecia areata
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ToF: alopecia areata occurs only in scalp hair
|
false; it can effect non-scalp hair
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What are the treatment options for alopecia areata?
|
-Topical steroid class 1
-intralesional steroid -topical irritant therapy -Immunotherapy |
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what is the outcome of treatment for alopecia areata?
|
-hair regrowth: more common with single patches
-can be recurrent |
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ToF: autoimmune diseases like eachother
|
True
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What is the test to conduct to check for active hair loss?
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-pull test
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describe the pull test.
|
-grap about 60 hairs and tug at them from proximal to distal end
-removal of more than six hairs indicates positive pull test and active hair loss |
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What is the name for thinning hair in children without big patches of hair loss?
|
telogen effluvium
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Telogen Effluvium has an abrupt onset with trigger factors including ...
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-blood loss
-iron deficiency -thyroid imbalance -initiation of drugs |
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ToF: telogen effluvium is common in childhood
|
false
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what are the common clinical syndromes of the skin associated with staph infections?
|
-impetigo
-cellulitis -lyphadenitis -abscesses (deep into the fat) |
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what are the serious syndromes that can occur with a staph infection?
|
-septicemia
-shock -Toxic shock -scalded skin syndrome -arthritis/osteomyelitis -endocarditis -disseminated abscesses |
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what are the 2 common pathogens of impetigo?
|
staph aureus, less often, strep pyogenes (GAS)
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what season is impetigo seen most often?
|
summer
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what are the 2 types of impetigo?
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bullous vs non-bullous
|
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what are the characteristics on impetigo?
|
-otherwise well
-minimal discomfort -no systemic symptoms, no fever -painless adenopathy -strep pyrogenes may lead to glomerulonephritis not rheumatic fever |
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Strep pyogene causing impetigo may lead to ___ but not __ __
|
glomerulonephritis; rheumatic fever
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what is a good treatment option for impetigo?
|
bactroban for 5 days
|
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What type of toxin can KILL?
|
ENDOTOXIN!!!
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What causes scarlatina?????
|
EXOTOXINS!!
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what rash is characterized by fine, sandpapery and erythematous with pastias lines and palatal petechiae?
|
scarlatina
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What symptoms precede the rash of scarlatina by two days?
|
fever, sore throat, strawberry tongue and adenopathy
|
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How does the scarlatina rash spread?
|
in the back of the neck and face, down the neck and then down the body.
|
|
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What type, if any, of lymphadenopathy is seen with herpes?
|
submandibular
|
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Describe ecthyma.
|
-deeper infection that looks like bullous impetigo at the outset
-central, well-marginated ulceration with elevated margins and crust -surrounding rim of erythema |
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What body part most often gets ecthyma?
|
the extremities especially the lower ones
|
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what are the 2 causes of ecthyma?
|
staph aureus and strep pyogenes
|
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ToF: ecthyma is painful
|
true it can be
|
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what are the treatment options for ecthyma?
|
-mupirocin tid
-keflex (40mg/kg/day) or dicloxacillin (30-40mg/kg/day) -clindamycin, Bactrim -should be treated systemically -fomites should be thoroughly cleaned |
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If a child presents with painful blisters on the tip of their finger and a fever of 100.8, what is the likely diagnosis?
|
blistering distal dactylitis
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what is the most common cause of blistering distal dactylitis?
|
GAS or sometimes staph aureaus
|
|
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ToF: impetigo hurts
|
false
|
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Only __% of children with perianal strep dermatitis have symptomatic pharyngitis, but 60% have a positive __ __
|
13; strep culture
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What often resembles perianal strep dermatitis?
|
psoriasis
|
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what is the characteristic of perianal strep dermatitis?
|
erythematous, moist or dry and scaling; penile involvement may occur as balanitis and girls may have vulvovaginitis
|
|
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ToF: diaper rash is usually scaly
|
falseq
|
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describe strep intertrigo.
|
bright red, moist erythema noted neck folds, axillae, groin and may have a foul odor
|
|
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ToF: cellulitis is itchy
|
FALSE!!
|
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what is the skin disorder with ill-defined erythema, warmth, edema and systemic symptoms of fever, chills and malaise and may have bullae or petechiae
|
cellulitis
|
|
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what occurs at the leading edge of cellulitis?
|
raised and sharply demarcated
|
|
|
what are the predisposing factors for cellulitis?
|
venous and lymphatic damage, congenital vascular malformations
|
|
|
what is a furuncle?
|
aka boil:
single loculated unti -deeper infection of the follicular unit that has spread into the surrounding tissue -can occur on the butt, groin, thighs, neck and ears |
|
|
describe a carbuncle.
|
-Fusion of several furuncles
-pain -spontaneous ruptures with purulent drainage |
|
|
what is the MRSA guidelines for treatment of cutaneous abscess?
|
-incision and drainage is the primary treatment
-role of Abx nee further research studies |
|
|
what is the MRSA guidelines for treatment of minor skin infections such as impetigo?
|
Mupirocin 2% topical
|
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What do you do with a child who has an abscess and a fever?
|
ADMIT THEM
|
|
|
When do you follow up for an abscess I & D?
|
24 hours and then 10 days later
|
|
|
What is the number 1 treatment for cellulitis in a community without MRSA?
|
Keflex
|
|
|
what are the treatment options for PURULENT cellulitis?
|
-Clindamycin
-Bactrim (>2mos old only) -doxycycline (> 8 yrs old only; dose as adults if > 45kg) -minocycline (> 8 yrs old only) -linezolid (600mg/dose max) duration of therapy is 5-10 days |
|
|
what are the treatment options for NON-purulent cellulitis?
|
-Beta lactam (keflex and dicloxicillin)
--empiric coverage for CA-MRSA is recommended if they do not respond or if they have systemic toxicity -Clindamycin -amox or bactrim |
|
|
What prevention advice should be given to parents to help stop the spread or infection of mrsa?
|
-good personal hygiene
-keep draining wounds covered -avoid reusing or sharing personal items -environmental hygiene measures |
|
|
To decolonize the nasal pathway with cellulitis, what should be used?
|
mupirocin bid for 5-10 days
|
|
|
how do you decolonize the body from MRSA?
|
topical antiseptic solution (chlorhexidine) for 5-14 days or dilute bleach baths
-1tsp per gallon of water (1/4 cup for a 1/4 tup) |
|
|
ToF: a rapid test for MRSA exists
|
true
|
|
|
what are the diagnosis measures for skin infections?
|
-clinical
-throat culture: RST backed by culture -swabs of blistering dactylitis, perianal strep and strep intertrigo -scarlatina with positive throat culture -deep tissue cultures with biopsy may be positive in cellulitis and erysipeias |
|
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what are the generic names for these brand name drugs:
zithromax omnicef maxipime suprax vantin cefzil ceftin biaxin bactrim |
azithromycin
cefdinir cefepime cefixime cefpodoxime proxetil cefprozil cefurozime axetil clarithromycin TMP-SMX |
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According to the slide after the case study, what is the first and second line treatments for MRSA?
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-first: clindamycin with rifampin or bactrim
-second: linezolid ($$$) --newest drug: daptomycin (5th gen ceph) |
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which age group is seen with staph scalded skin syndrome?
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0-1yrs; Infants
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what is Nikolsky's sign and what is it indicative of?
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pull on the skin and it comes off in sheets. seen in staphlococcal scalded skin syndrome
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describe the rash of staph scalded skin syndrome.
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-diffuse erythematous rash
--tender to palpation --warm to palpation --sandpaper like |
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What are the possible causes of toxic shock syndrome?
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staph or strep toxic shock
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how does TSS begin?
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with localized infection by coagulase: positive staph
--puncture wound |
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what is a hallmark sign of TSS?
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pain out of proportion to the appearance of the wound
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what occurs in the prodrome phase of TSS.
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-fever, malaise, myalgias and vomiting
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what symptoms follow the prodrome phase of TSS?
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worsening symptoms of abd pain, dizziness and weakness with diffuse erythroderma ( looks like a sunburn)
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What often occurs on the hands in TSS?>
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desquamation:
-begins 1 week after rash occurs on palms and soles -thick sheets shed |
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ToF: HTN occurs in staph TSS?
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-false Hypotension! in < 5%
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list the multisystem involvement of TSS.
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-GI: N.V
-Muscular: myalgias -renal: increased BUN, Cr, U/A with >5 wbc -hepatic: increase AST, ALT -hematologic: decreased platelets (<100,000) -CNS: alteration in conscioussness no focal signs |
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if a child presents with fever, petechial rash which started acrally with maculopapular eruption; has hyponatremia and thrombocytopenia, what is the likely diagnosis?
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Rocky mountain spotted fever
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what populations have been known to get onychomycosis?
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diabetics and immunosuppressed
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what are the 3 genera of fungal infections?
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-microsporum
-trichophyton -epidermophyton |
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fungal infections invade the keratinized tissues of the __, __ and __
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skin hair and nails
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What infection in cats flouresces under light?
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M. canis
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what is the most common cause of tinea infections?
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T. tonsurans
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which forms of fungal infections cause circles?
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T. tons and M. canis
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describe tinea corporis.
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-pruritic, red, anular, scaling patch or plaque with central clearing, darker leading edge
-may be polycyclic with scalloped borders |
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what happens if a patient treats a tinea with corticosteroids prior to actual diagnosis?
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they can have tinea incognito that does not appear red.
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What is the name for deep seeded tinea?
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Majocchi granuloma
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what is one look alike to tinea corporis?
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granuloma annulare: no redness, no itching. Most often on the ankle
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describe the appearance of pityriasis alba
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hypopigmentation, flat with diffuse boarders
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what is tinea on the face called?
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tinea faciei
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tinea in the beard is called ___
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barbae
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Jock itch is medically called ___ ___
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tinea cruris
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which population gets tinea cruris? what is the cause?
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mostly teen boys;
warm, moisture and friction |
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ToF: jock itch affects the upper medial thigh and the scrotum.
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false: it usually spares the scrotum
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what are the 3 presentations of tinea pedis?
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1. interdigital tinea
2. inflammatory/bullous tinea 3. Moccasin tinea pedis |
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What is moccasin tinea pedis?
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fine powdery scaling weightbearing area, sharp line of demarcation
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what is tinea mannum?
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hands: almost always accompanied by tinea pedis
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what is the most common tinea to have an ID reaction?
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tinea capitas
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what is an ID reaction to tinea?
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allergic reaction to tinea causing papula-vesicles aroundthe body.
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How long must you treat tinea after it has healed?
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1 week
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what type of tinea requires treatment with PO meds?
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usually capitas
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what are the general treatments for tinea?
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-topical antifungals
-azole antifungal -allylamines (fungicidal) -hydroxypyridone (fungicidal) |
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what treatment is the first line for tinea pedis?
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lotrimin first
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what are the 3 clinical presentations of tinea capitas?
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1. hair loss due to broken hairs
2. herion 3. diffuse powdery scaling without hair loss |
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what is involved in the hair loss of tinea capitas?
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-itch and scaling erythema
-adenopathy -black dots |
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describe a kerion
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id reaction in tinea capitas: edematous, boggy, tender nodule, represents host inflammatory response, permanent scarring may result
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what group is most affected with tinea capitas?
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african americans
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what is the treatment of a kerion?
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prednisone 2mg/kg
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what is the treatment for tinea capitas?
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griseofulvin 20-25 mg/kg PO right away lasting 6-8 weeks. must culture the hair
-if M. canis it requires 3-5 months of treatment |
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what are the diagnosis options for tinea capitas?
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-KOH prep
-woods light for M. canis -culture -sterile toothbrush -moistened routine culture swab aggresively rubbed on many areas of affected scalp -plated directly onto culture media or sent to the lab |
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how do you treat the ID reaction of tinea capitas?
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systemic antihistamines: hydroxazine or atarax
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what is the adverse reaction to griseofulvin?
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mostly in adolescent hispanic females: they have high risk of hepatitis.
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what population is seen with onchomyosis?
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older population
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what is onchomyosis?
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yellow-brown discoloration, thickening and crumbly subungual debris
there is a superficial variety: opaque white discoloariotn that can be scarped with a scalpel blade |
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how do you treat onchomyosis?
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Penlac: nail polish to be used every day for a year
laser: one treatment |
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what is angular cheilitis?
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-fissures and crusts at the corners of the mouth
-common with children with braces and patients receiving isotretinoin -candidal infection can occur in the fissure |
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what is the treatment for angular chelitis?
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bactroban and lotrimin
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what is pityriasis versicolor?
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papulosquamous erruption that raised and scaly. seen most often in teenagers and young adults.
-appears pink to brown on white skin. |
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what is the epidemiology of pityriasis versicolor?
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-lipophilic yeasts of Malassezia genus
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what are the topical treatments of pityriasis versicolor?
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-topical therapy is difficult due to diffuse area
-any azole -selenium sulfide solution and shampoo -ketoconazole shampoo -zinc pyrithione shampoo or soabp bar |
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what are the oral meds for pityriasis versicolor?
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-single dose fuconazole
-ketoconazole 400mg orally, repeated in 1 week |
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what is the prophylaxis treatment for pityriasis veriscolor?
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zinc pyrithione soap 1-2times/wk
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ToF: once pityriasis versicolor is treated it will not come back?
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false
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what portion of the body is affected by pityriasis versicolor?
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the trunk
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what do you use to treat genital warts on the face?
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pedofilin
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what is the #1 treatment for pediatric molluscum contagiosum?
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benign neglect
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Describe destructive therapy for molluscum contagiosum.
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-physical destruction using curettage
-chemical destruction: Vit A, podophyllotoxin, lactic acid, salycilic acid, silver nitrate -immunomodulation: imiquimod cream |
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how long must you wear duct tape for warts?
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6.5 days on, .5 day off
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what is verruca plana?
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flat warts
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what are the treatment for warts?
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-topical imiquimod (aldara)
-duct tape -cantharidin -cryotherapy: liquid nitrogen -pulsed dye laser -surgical removal |
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papular urticaria is usually associated with __ __
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bug bites
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what is given for bug bites if patient is scratching?
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oral antihistamines
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what must a provider do for a child that has a large local reaction to an insect bite?
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provide with an epi-pen because the next bite could cause anaphylaxis
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how do you treat a large local reaction to a bug bite?
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antihistamines, cold compress, and in severe cases a brief course of corticosteroids
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what body finding is associated with lice?
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occipital lymphadenopathy and impetigo
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what are the treatment options for Lice?
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-Malathion (ovid)
-permethrin: nix -pyrethrin: rid -dimethicone -benzyl alcohol 5% -natroba (not in infants -iveraectin lotion: originally for river blindness |
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what are the off-label treatments for lice?
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-permethrin (5%)
-crotamiton -ivermectin -bactrim |
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what are the natural products used to treat lice?
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-hair clean 1-2-3
-occlusive agents: cetaphil cleanser, dimethicone lotion, isopropyl myristate 50% -desiccation: the louseBuster |
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what is the shape of the lesions of scabies?
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J shaped
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describe the burrow of scabies bite?
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serpiginous microvesicle with a tiny black dot at the tip
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what is the treatment for scabies?
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permethrin 5% overnight
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who must be treated with scabies?
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all family and housemembers of the patient
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what is a disorder that mimics tinea pedis with vesicles?
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dihydrodic eczema: pomphilix
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what is the primary symptoms of mites?
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intense pruritis secondary to a hypersensitivity reaction.
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what do you use to track the path of the mite bites?
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washable magic marker
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