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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What bugs cause acute bacterial endocarditis?
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Staph aureus (attacks healthy valves)
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What is the MCC of Subacute bacterial endocarditis?
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Strep Viridans (attacks damaged valves)
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How do you diagnose acute rheumatic fever?
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JONES
Polyarthritis Carditis Subcutaneous Nodules Erythema Marginatum (red margins) Sydenham's Chorea |
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What are the only gram negative diplococci?
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Neisseria
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What is the only gram positive diplococci?
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Strep pneumo
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What 5 Bugs cause heart block?
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LSD Loves Company
Lyme Disease Salmonella Typhi Diptheria Chaga's |
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What are the bugs with IgA protease?
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Strep pneumo
H. Flu Neisseria |
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What do IgA protease bugs cause?
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Sinusitis
Otitis media Pneumonia Bronchitis |
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What are the simple gram negative bugs?
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H. influenza
E. coli |
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What are the atypical (no cell wall) bacteria?
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Chlamydia
Legionella Ureaplasma Mycoplasma |
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What are the oddities about Listeria?
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Only G+ w/.endotoxin
Crosses Placenta Lipid A is toxic part Causes Granulomas Causes sepsis in neonates |
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What are the gram positive exotoxin bugs?
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Corynebacterium diphtheria
Bacillus anthracis Clostridium tetani Clostridium botulinum Clostridium perfringens Streptococcus pyogenes Staphylococcus aureus |
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What are the gram negative exotoxin bugs?
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Shigella
Vibrio cholera Bordatella pertussis Pseudomonas EHEC ETEC |
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What are the spore forming Gram positive bacteria?
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Bacillus Anthracis
C Perfringens C. tetani |
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What bugs cause walking pneumonia?
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0-2 mo: Chlamydia pneumoniae
10-30 yo: Mycoplasma pneumoniae >40 yo: Legionella pneumoniae AIDS & premies: Pneumocysitis jirovecii |
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What are the Low Complement Bugs (cause cryoglobulinemia)?
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I AM HE
Influenza Adenovirus Mycoplasma Hep B & C EBV |
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What are the Silver Staining Bugs?
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Legionella
Pneumocystis H. Pylori Bartonella henselae Candida |
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What bugs cause gastroenteritis within 8 hours of eating?
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Preformed Toxin
C. Perfringens: Holiday Ham/Turkey B. Cereus: Fried Rice S. Aureus: Potato salad |
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What are the Encapsulated bacteria
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Some Strange Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules
Strep Pneumo (Gram +) Salmonella Klebsiella H. Flu B Pseudomonas Neisseria Citrobacter |
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What are the Urease + bacteria?
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BP PUNCHeS
Brucellosis Proteus Pseudomonas Ureaplasma Nocardia Cryptococcus H. Pylori S. saprophyticus |
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What is Reiter's Syndrome?
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Reactive Arthritis
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Causes of Reiter's Syndrome
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SYCIC with sore joints
Shigella Yersina Chrons IBD Chlamydia |
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Comma Shaped Bugs
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Vibrio
Campylobacter Listeria (G+, Curved) H. Pylori |
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Chinese Letters Bug
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Corynebacteria
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Crescent Shaped Protozoa
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Giardia lamblia
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Painful Genital Lesions
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Herpes
Chancroid (H. Ducreyi) Lymphogranuloma Venereum Lymphogranuloma Inguinale |
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Hookworms
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NEAT ASs
Necator americanus Enterobius Vermicularis Ankylostoma duodenale Trichuris triturium Ascaris lumbricoides Strongyloides |
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Causes of Monocytosis
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STELS
Salmonella TB EBV Listeria Sypyllis |
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"Big Mama" Anaerobes
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Strep Bovis
Bacteroides fragilis C. melanogo-septicus C. diff |
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If blood cultures grow S bovis or C melanogo-septicus, we must rule out
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Colon cancer
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Encapsulated Yeast
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Cryptococcus
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Live Vaccines
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MRS BOVY
MMR - Measles/Mumps/Rubella Rotavirus Small pox BCG Oral Polio Varicella Yellow Fever |
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Rashes of Plams and Soles
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TRiCKSSSS
TSS Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever Coxsackie A Kawasaki Scarlet Fever Syphillis Staph scalded skin Streptobacillus moniliformis |
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(-) stranded RNA viruses
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1-3 wk prodrome before symptoms appear because it must switch to + stranded before it can replicate
Exceptions: Hanta, Ebola and yellow fever onset rapidly |
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(+) stranded RNA viruses
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Symptoms occur within 1 week or less because they don't have to switch before replicating
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H Influenza
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g- rods
Pleomorphic "School of Fish" Type A: Non-Encapsulated Non-Invasive MCC: Sinusitis, otitis, bronchitis Type B: Encapsulated, Invasic, IgA Protease, MCC of epiglotitis, Vaccine (Capsule) |
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Rust colored sputum
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Strep Pneumo
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MC infection of shunts and central lines
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Staph Epidermidis
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How do we tell catalase + staphylococci apart?
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Pigment:
Gold: Aureus White: Epidermidis None: Saprophyticus |
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Strep Pyogenes
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MCC: All Throat Infections
Lymphangitis Impetigo Necrotizing Fascitis Erysipelas Scarlet Fever 2nd MCC: All other skin infections |
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Actions of E. Coli
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Supplies vit K
Supplies biotin Supplies folate Supplies pantothenic acid Aids in B12 absorbtion |
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MCC Croup & Bronchiolitis
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Parainfluensa
RSV (MCC in ER) Adenovirus Influenza |
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Acid Fast Organisms
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Mycoplasma
Nocardia (Partially, G+) Cryptosporidium (Partially, protozoa) |
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Bacteria w/ elastase
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Staph Aureus
Pseudomonas |
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Bacteria w/ toxins that inhibit EF-2
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Pseudomonas
Diptheria |
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Phage-Mediated toxins
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Oh, BED
O "ag" (Salmonella) Botulinum Erythrogenic toxin Diptheria |
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Used for cold agglutinin testing
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Strep. Salivarius
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3 Toxins of Bacteria
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Lethal Factor
Protective factor Edema Factor |
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Group D Strep
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Viridans (green pigment)
Mutans (cavities) Sanguis Salivaris Bovis |
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MCC of airway infection (sinusitis, otitis, bronchitis, pneumonia)
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1: Strep pneumo
2: H Flu 3: N. Meningitidis |
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Causes of multiple cerebral abscesses in newborn
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Citrobacter
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MCC of UTI
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1: E. Coli
2: Proteus 3: Klebsiella |
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MCC of UTI in Females 5-10 and 18-24 yo
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S. Saprophyticus (b/c they stick things inside themselves)
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MCC of osteomyelitis
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S. Aureus
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MCC infection in burn patients first week
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S. Aureus
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MCC of Newborn Meningitis
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Group B Strep
E. Coli Listeria |
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Bacteria assoc w/ colon cancer
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C. melanogosepticus
S. Bovis |
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G- that are strict anaerobes
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H. Flu
Neisseria |
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Herpes Viruses
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I- Oral
II- Genital III- Varicella Zoster IV- EBV V- CMV VI- Roseola VII- Pityriasis rosea VIII- Kaposi's sarcoma |
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Diseases picked up during delivery
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Group B Strep
Strep Pneumo Herpes N. Gonorrhea Chlamydia |
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Diptheria
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Toxin ADP ribosylates EF-2
Stops cell syn G+ Acquired exotoxin from a virus via transduction Causes heart block ***never scrape membranes b/c it is highly vascular (will bleed) & will release toxin |
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Meningits (MCC)
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0-2 Mos: Group B Strep, E. Coli, Listeria
2mo-10 yo: Strep Pneumo 10yo-21yo: Neisseria Meningitidis >21yo: Strep Pneumo |
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Pneumonia MCC 6wks-18 yo
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RSV (Infants Only)
Mycoplasma Chlamydia Strep Pneumo |
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Pneumonia MCC 18-40
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Mycoplasma
Chlamydia Strep Pneumo |
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MCC Pneumonia in Elderly
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Strep Pneumo
Viruses Anaerobes H Flu G- Rods |
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"PIE" Syndrome
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Pulmonary Infiltrates w/ Eosinophilia
Churg-Straus Loeffler's syn Allergic bronchoplmonary aspergillosis |
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Loeffler's Syndrome
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"NASSA"
Necator americanus Ascaris lumbricoides Schistosomiasis Strongyloides Ankylostoma |
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Increased susceptability to Pseudomonas and Staph Aureus
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Burn Patients
Cystic Fibrosis Diabetes Neutropenics |
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Indications for pneumovax
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Given at 2, 4, 6 months
Given to anyone >65yo Anyone who is asplenic Anyone with end organ damage (CF, RF) |
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Septic Emboli
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Roth Spots: Eye
Janeway Lesions: Non-tender, hemmorhagic, Palms/Soles Osler's nodes: Painful, raised lumps, Fingers/Toes Splinter Hemmorhages: Fingernails Mycotic aneyrysm: brain |
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HIV MC infection
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CMV
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MC pulmonary Infection in HIV CD4 ~200
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PCP
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P41
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HIV surface marker to assist attachment to CD4
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GP120
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HIV attachment to CD4
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Reverse transcriptase
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Transcription
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POL (HIV)
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Integration
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P17 and P24
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HIV
non-glycosylated peptide chain Ag (Gag) for Ab therapy |
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CCR5, CCR4
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Co-receptor in HIV transmission
Defective CCR5/4 gives some resistence |
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CD4 <500 (750 in Kids)
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2 Nucleotide Inhibitors
1 Protease Inhibitor |
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CD4<200 (AIDS)
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Add Tx for PCP (Bactrim)
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CD4 <100
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Add Tx for MAC (Azithromycin)
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