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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is vit A needed for
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proper maturation and diff of epitheliaal cells
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What histopath can be seen with vit a difficiency
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squamous metaplasia of epithelium
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what are the clinical signs of vit a dif
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poor growth, weakness dry eye,
adults: serous occulonasal discharge blood spots on eggs |
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What are the lesions seen with vit a dif
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first seen in pharynx
raised pustule like white plaques |
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what are the clinical signs for vit d dif
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young- stiff-legged gait and poor plumage
adults- thin soft shelled eggs temp loss of leg use soft beaks claws aand keel marked decrease in hatchability |
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with what disease do you seee epiphyseal enlargement of the long bones and parathyroid hyperplasia
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vit d dif
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What 3 conditions does vit e dif cause in young chicks
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encephalomalacia
exudative diathesis muscular dystrophy |
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What are the signs for encephalomalacia
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ataxia
lteral recumbancy outstretched legs flexed toes retracted head no leg or wing paralysis |
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what is the main sign for exudative diathesis
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severe ventral edema causing a wide stance
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muscular dystrophy is caused by a dif in vit e and what else
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sulfur amino acid
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what disease does thiamine dif cause
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stargazers
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what is the purpose of thiamine
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plays a role in the metabolism of neurotransmitters
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what are the clinical signs of thiamine dif
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anorexia, leg weakness and stargazing stance in young birds
adults = polyneuritis |
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what does a riboflavin dif cause
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curled toe paralysis
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what is riboflavin
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co-factor in electron transport
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What are the clinical signs of riboflavin dif
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same as vit e except may have diarrhea and do have leg and wing paralysis with toes curled in
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what is the cause of coccidiosis
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Eimeria spp
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What are the clinical signs of coccidiosis
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diarrhea - mucoid and bloody in chickens usually not bloody in turkeys dehydration lethargy anemia
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what are the lesions for coccidiosis
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duodenum-E. acervulina
jejunum- E. necatrix,E. maxima cecum and colon- E. brunetti, E tenella |
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Which 2 species of Eimeria are the most pathogenic
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necatrix and tenella
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What mortality and morbidity is seen with coccidiosis
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high morbidity
low mortality |
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what is the common name for histomoniasis in turkeys
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blackhead or enterohepatitis
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what is the cause of histo
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histomonas meleagridis
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how do turkeys get histo
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ingestion of embryonated cecal worm by fresh feces or earthworm containing the worm
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what are the clinical signs of histo
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lethargy
droopy wings anorexia yellow sulfer colored feces and cyanosis of the head |
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What lesions are seen with histo
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target or bulls-eye foci of necrosis on the liver and enlargement of the ceca
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What is the morb and mort for histo
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high for both
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what is the cause of trichomoniasis
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Trichomonas gallinae
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What is the cause of thrush
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Candida albicans
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what are the clinical signs of thrush
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poor growth ulcerated plaques in mouth
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What are the lesions assoc with thrush
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CROP- thickening of the mucosa white circular raised plaques
ulcers ingluvitis proventricular hemorrhage |
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how do yo prevent thrush
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minimize abx usage
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What causes hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys
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type 2 adenovirus
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How is adenovirus spread among turkeys and pheasants
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fecal oral
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What are the clinical signs of adenovirus infection
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sudden deaths
well fleshed birds with skin pallor bloody feces |
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What are the lesions with adenovirus
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enlarged and mottled spleen and hemorrhage
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What causes fowl pox
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pox virus
avipox virus |
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how is fowl pox spread
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mechanical transmission
abraded skin fomites cannibalism insect transmission |
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What are the lesions assoc with fowl pox
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Diptheritic form- elevated white plaques onn infraorbital sinusis to the esophagus
cutaneous form- epithelial proliferation |
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what is the cause of clostridial enteritis
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C.perfringins type a and c
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What are the signs of clostridial infection
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sudden death
depression diarrhea reluctancy to move |
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What are the lesions seen with clostridial infections
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gas distended jejunum and ileum
mucosa covered by a pseuomembrane not usually hemorrhage |
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What causes pullorum disease
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Salmonella pullorum
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how is pullorum disease transmited
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vrtical and lateral
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What are the lesions for pullorum disease
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young birds- huddling, labored breathing,uveitis,
adults- often asymptomatic |
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what are the lesions seen with pullorum disease
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young- miliary liver necrosis, hepatosplenomegaly, fibrinopericarditis cecal cores synovitis
adults- misshapen ovarian follicles |
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What causes fowl typhoid
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Salmonella gallinarum
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how is fowl typhoid spread
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vertical and lateral
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What are the clinical signs of fowl typhoid
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young birds- similar to pullorum
semi mature- pale comb,wattles,face shrunken combs and wattles diarrhea |
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What are the lesions seen with fowl typhoid
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young birds- same as pullorum
older- big spleen and liver, bile stained liver, ulcerative proximal small intestine |
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what is the causative agent of paratyphoid in birds
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Motile Salmonella serotypes
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how is paratyphoid transmitted
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vertical and horizontal
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what are the clinical signs seen with paratyphoid
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young- profuse diarrhea and dehydration
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What lesions are assoc with paratyphoid
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necrotizing enteritis
hepatic necrosis omphalitis caseous cecal cores |
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What 3 species of salmonella are reportable
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pullorum
typhimurium enteritidis |
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what animal gets arizonosis
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turkeys
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how is arizonosis transmitted
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vertical and lateral
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What are the clinical signs for arizonosis
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diarrhea lethargy
blindness neurologic |
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What 2 diseases are zoonotic
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paratyphoid
arizonosis |
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