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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sternocleidomastoid m.
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M: CN 11 (accessory nerve)
S: branches of C2, 3 F: lateral flexion/rotation of the neck, flexes neck when raising from pillow. |
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Torticollis Syndrome
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-Causes unilateral shortening of SCM muscle, tilts and rotates head to one side.
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Trapezius m.
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M: CN 11 (accessory nerve)
S: branches of C3, 4 F: elevate, retract, depress scapula and lower the shoulder. attach pectoral girdle to skull and vertebral column. Blood supply: Transverse Scapular artery & Dorsal Scapular artery |
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Investing Layer (Cervical Fascia)
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-envelops the entire neck, encloses SCM & trapezius muscles.
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Pretracheal (Cervical Fascia)
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Muscular: encloses infrahyoid muscles
Visceral: surrounds larynx, pharynx, trachea, thyroid gland, esophagus. |
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Buccopharyngeal (Cervical Fascia)
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-posterior part of pretracheal fascia
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Prevertebral (Cervical Fascia)
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Surrounds vertibral column & its muscles.
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Carotid (Alar) Sheath (Cervical Fascia)
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Encloses common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve.
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Anterior-->Posterior Cervical Fascia Layers
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Subcutaneous
Investing Layer Pretracheal/buccopharangeal Retropharyngeal Space Alar Fascia "Danger Zone" Prevertebral Fascia |
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Significance of the "Danger Zone"
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-Can be invaded by bacteria/inflammatory cells from abscess on palatine tonsil or tooth. Spreads to jugular vein or subarachnoid space = meningitis/bacteremia/sepsis.
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Erb's Point
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Directly posterior to SCM
1. Accessory Nerve (C11) 2. Lesser occipital nerve (C2) 3. Great Auricular Nerve (C2, 3) 4. Transverse Cervical Nerve (C2,3) 5. Supraclavicular Nerves (C3,4) *last 3 are sensory fibers of posterior cervical triangle 6. Also branches of supraclavicular nerves |
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Jugular Foramen (base of skull)
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contain CN11 & vagus nerve (10)
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Cervical Spinal Nerve Pathway
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(on either side of the) Spinal Cord-->Dorsal (S) & Ventral (M) rootlets-->Dorsal root ganglion (S)-->Spinal Nerve-->Dorsal & Ventral Rami (mixed S & M)--> plexuses-->peripheral nerves
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What do the intervertebral foramina along the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae contain?
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Ventral rami of C1-4
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Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?
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C4 motor. Innervates diaphragm from the mediastinal pleura, pericardial sac, and diaphragmatic central tendon.
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Where do the sensory fibers of C1 go?
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The meninges.
C2-4 sensory are for anterolatral neck (see "Erb's point") |
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Which nerve travels inside the rib cage, branching from the sublcavian artery?
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Internal thoracic artery
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Which artery travels through the transverse foramina of the cervical spine?
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Vertebral artery
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3 branches of the Thyrocervical trunk.
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1. Inferior Thyroid artery
2. Transverse cervical artery 3. Suprascapular artery |
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2 branches of the Costocervical trunk.
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1. Deep cervical artery
2. Supreme Intercostal Artery |
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The occiptal artery is a branch off of what major vessel?
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The external carotid artery.
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Which vessel pierces through the investing layer of the cervical fascia?
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External jugular vein
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The brachiocephalic vein branches into the subclavian vein and the external jugular vein which travels up the neck towards the head. What branches off of that?
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Retromandibular vein
Maxillary vein Superficial temporal vein Posterior auricular vein |
