Posterior Muscles

Front 1

Back 1

Name: Upper Trapezius

O: Occipital Tuberosity

I: Posterior and Lateral 1/3 of the Clavicle

A: Elevation and Up Rotation of Scapula

CN: XI (Accessory) C3-C4 spinal nerves

Front 2

Back 2

Name: Middle Trapezius

O: Spinous Processes of C7-T3 Vertebrae

I: Medial Border of the Acromion Process and Superior border of Scapular Spine

A: Elevation, Up Rotation, and Adduction of Scapula

CN: XI (accessory) C3-C4 spinal nerves

Front 3

Back 3

Name: Lower Trapezius

O: Spinous Processes of T4-T12

I: Triangular space at base of Scapular Spine

A: Elevation, Up Rotation, and Adduction of Scapula

CN: XI C3-C4 spinal nerves

Front 4

Back 4

Name: Rhomboid Minor

O: Spinous Processes of C7-T1

I: Medial Border of the Scapula (Below the Spine)

A: Adduction and Down Rotation of Scapula

CN: Dorsal Scapular Nerve C5

Front 5

Back 5

Name: Rhomboid Major

O: Spinous Processes of T2-T5

I: Medial Border of the Scapula (Below spine)

A: Adduction and Down Rotation of Scapula

CN: Dorsal Scapular Nerve C5 & C3-C4 Spinal nerves

Front 6

Back 6

Name: Serratus Anetior

O: Upper 8 or 9 ribs

I: Medial border of the Scapula

A: Protraction and Up Rotation of Scapula

CN: Long Thoracic Nerve C5-C7

Front 7

Back 7

Name: Levator Scapulae

O: Transverse Processes of C1-C4

I: Medial Border of the Scapula (Above Spine)

A: Elevation of Scapula

CN: Dorsal Scapular Nerve C5

Front 8

Back 8

Name: Teres Major

O: Inferior Angle of the Scapula

I: Medial Lip of the Bicipital Groove (Humerus)

A: Internal Rotation, Extension, Adduction of Humerous

CN: Lower Subscapular Nerve C5-C6

Front 9

Back 9

Name: Teres Minor

O: Lateral Border of the Scapula

I: Greater Tubercle of Humerus

A: External Rotation, Horizontal Abduction, and Diagonal Adduction of Humerus

CN: Axillary Nerve C5

Front 10

Back 10

Name: Infraspinatus

O: Infraspinous Process of Scapula

I: Greater Tubercle of Humerus

A: External Rotation of Humerus

CN: Suprascapular nerve C5-C6

Front 11

Back 11

Name: Supraspinatus

O: Spuraspinous Fossa

I: Greater Tubercle of Humerus

A:Abduction of Humerus

CN: Suprascapular nerve C5-C6

Front 12

Back 12

Name: Subscapularus

O: Subscapular Fossa

I: Lesser Tubercle of Humerus

A: Internal Rotation of Humerus

CN: Suprascapular Nerve C5-C6

Front 13

Back 13

Name: Posterior Deltoid

O: Inferior edge of the Spine of the Scapula

I: Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus

A: Extention, External Rotation, Diagonal and Horizontal Abduction

CN: Axillary Nerve C5

Front 14

Back 14

Name: Latissimus Dorsi

O: Spinous Processes of T7-T12 and the Lumbar AND the Thoracolumbar Facia

I: Floor of the Bicipital Groove

A: Adduction, and Internal Rotation of Humerus

CN: Thoraco-Dorsal nerve C5-C8

Front 15

Back 15

Name: Triceps Brachii Long Head

O: Infraglenoid Tubercle of the Scapula

I: Olecranon Process

A: Extension of Shoulder/Elbow, Adduction of Shoulder

CN: Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 16

Middle

Back 16

Name: Triceps Brachii Medial Head

O: Posterior Surface of Humerus

I: Olecranon Process

A: Extention of Elbow

CN: Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 17

Right

Back 17

Name: Triceps Brachii Lateral Head

O: Supero-Lateral Surface of Humerus

I: Olecranon Process

A: Extention of Elbow

CN: Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 18

Back 18

Name: Brachioradialus

O: Lateral Epicondyl of Humerus

I: Styloid Process of Radius

A: Flexion of Elbow, Pronation, Supination

CN: Radial nerve C6-C8

Front 19

Back 19

Name: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

O: Lateral Epicondyl of the Humerus, and dorsal surface of border of Ulna

I: base of the 5th metacarpal

A: Extension and Adduction of Wrist

CN: Deep Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 20

Back 20

Name: Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevus

O: Lateral Epicondyl of Humerus

I: Base of the 3rd Metatarsal

A: Extension and Abduction of Wrist, Weak Extension of Elbow

Front 21

Back 21

Name: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

O: Lateral Supracondylar Ridge of Humerus

I: Base of the 2nd Metatarsal

A: Extenson and Abduction of Wrist, Weak Extension of Elbow

Front 22

Back 22

Name: Extensor Digitorum

O: Lateral Epicondyl of Humerus

I: Dorsal Surfaces of Phalanges 2-5

A: Extension of the 2-5th Phalanges, Extension of Wrist

CN: Deep Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 23

Back 23

Name: Abductor Pollicus Longus

O: Proximal Dorsal Surface of Radius and Ulna

I: Base of the 1st metacarpal on Lateral Surface

A: Abduction of Thumb and Wrist

CN: Deep Radial nerve C6-C8

Front 24

Back 24

Name: Extensor Pollicus Longus

O: Postero-Lateral surface of the ulna and interosseous membrane

I: Base of the distal phalanx of the thumb on dorsal surface

A: Extension of the Thumb and Abduction of Wrist

CN: Deep Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 25

Back 25

Name: Extensor Pollicus Brevus

O: Posterior Surface of the Lower middle Radius

I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of the thumb on dorsal surface

A: Extension of Thumb and Abduction of Wrist

CN: deep Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 26

Back 26

Name: Supinator

O: Lateral Epicondyl of the Humerus

I: Anterolateral surface of Radius distal to Radial Tuberosity

A: Supination of Forearm

CN: Deep Radial Nerve C6-C8

Front 27

Back 27

Name: Biceps Femoris Long head

O: Ishial Tuberosity

I: Head of the Fibula and Lateral Condile of Tibia

A: Extenson of Hip, Flexion of Knee, External Rotation of Hip and Knee

CN: Sciatic Nerve (Tibial Porsion S1-S2)

Front 28

Back 28

Name: Biceps Femoris Short Head

O: Lower Half of the Linea Aspera

I: Head of the Fibula and Lateral Condyl of the Tibia

A: Extension of Hip, Flexion of Knee, External Rotation of Hip and Knee

CN: Sciatic Nerve (Common Fibular Branch L5-S2)

Front 29

Back 29

Name: Semitendinosus

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Proximal, Medial surface of Tibia, below the condyl

A: Extension of Hip, Flexion of Knee, Internal Rotation of the Hip and Knee

CN: Sciatic Nerve (Tibial Portion S1-S2)

Front 30

Back 30

Name: Semimebranosus

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Posterior Surface of the Medial Tibial Condyl

A: Extension of Hip, Flexion of Knee, Internal Rotation of the Hip and Knee

CN: Sciatic Nerve (Tibial Portion S1-S2)

Front 31

Back 31

Name: Gluteus Maximus

O: Posterior 1/4 of the crest of the Ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum & coccyx, and Thoracolumbar Fascia

I: Gluteal Tuberosity of the Femur and the Iliotibial Tract

A: Extension of the HIp, External Rotation of the Hip

CN: Inferior Gluteal Nerve L4-S2

Front 32

Back 32

Name: Gluteus Medius

O: Antero-Lateral surface of the Ilium, just below the crest & Posterior gluteal line

I: Greater trochanter of femur

A: Abduction and internal rotation of hip

CN: Superior Gluteal Nerve L4-S1

Front 33

Back 33

Name: Gluteus Minimus

O: Lateral Surface of the Ilium, between inferior and anterior gluteal line

I: Greater Trochanter of Femur

A: Abduction and Internal Rotation of Hip

CN: Superior Gluteal nerve L4-S1

Front 34

Back 34

Name: Tensor Fasciae Latae

O: Iliac crest and anterior surface of ASIS

I: Iliotibial Tract

A: Abduction, Flexion, and internal rotation of hip

CN: Superior Gluteal Nerve L4-S1

Front 35

Back 35

Name: Gastrocnemius

O: Femoral Condyles

I: Calcaneus via Achilles tendon

A: Plantar Felxion of Ankle and Flexion of Knee

CN: Tibial Nerve S1-S2

Front 36

Back 36

Name: Soleus

O: Head and Proximal shaft of Fibula and posteromedial shaft of Tibia

I: Calcaneus via Achilles tendon

A: Plantar flexion of the ankle

CN: Tibial Nerve S1-S2

Front 37

Back 37

Name: Tibialis Posterior

O: Interosseous membrane and the adjacent surfaces of Tibia and Fibula

I: Navicular & 1st and 3rd Cuniforms, bases of the 2-4th metatarsals

A: Inversion of Foot, Plantar Flexion of Ankle

CN: Tibial Nerve S1-S2

Front 38

Back 38

Name: Flexor Digitorum Longus

O:Posterior, Medial surface of the Tibia

I: Inferior surface of distal phalanges (toes 2-5)

A: Flexion of the 4 lesser toes, Plantar flexion of ankle, inversion of foot

CN: Tibial Nerve S5-L1

Front 39

Back 39

Name: Flexor Hallucis Longus

O: Posterior surface of the Fibula
I: Inferior Surface of the Distal Phalanx of the Hallucis

A: Flexion of the Great Toe, Inversion of Foot, Plantar Flexion of Ankle

CN: Tibial Nerve L5-S1

Front 40

Back 40

Name: Peroneus (Fibularus) Brevis

O: Mid-Lateral Margin of Fibula

I: Base of the 5th Metatarsal

A: Eversion of Foot, Plantar Flexion of Ankle

CN: Superficial Fibular Nerve L4-S1

Front 41

Back 41

Name: Peroneus (Fibularus) Longus

O: Head and Proximal shaft of the Fibula

I: Base of 1st cuniform, and 1st metatarsal

A: Eversion of the Foot, Plantar Flexion of the Ankle

CN: Superficial Fibular Nerve L4-S1

Front 42

Yelllow

Back 42

Name: Iliocostalis (Erector Spinae)

O: Thoracolumbar Aponeuroses from sacrum to posterior ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

I: Cervical and Thoracic Transverse Processes

A: Lateral Flexion and Extension of Spine

Front 43

Red

Back 43

Name: Longissimus (Erector Spinae)

O: Thoracolumbar Aponeuroses from sacrum to posterior ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

I: Cervical and Thoracic Transverse Processes

A: Lateral Flexion and Extension of Spine

Front 44

Purple

Back 44

Name: Spinalis (Erector Spinae)

O: Thoracolumbar Aponeuroses from sacrum to posterior ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

I: Cervical and Thoracic Transverse Processes

A: Lateral Flexion and Extension of Spine