Posterior Cervical Triangle

Front 1

Pretracheal fascia
-Location
-Clinical importance
-Contains

Back 1

-Behind oral pharynx
-If infection maakes it through pharynx it can travel in this fascia and travel a wide span
-thyroid gland, trachea, esophagus

Front 2

The carotid sheath contains:
1.
2.
3.

Back 2

1. Internal jugular
2. Vagus n.
3. Common carotid a.

Front 3

Prevertebral fascia
-Location

Back 3

-Anterior to vertebral body

Front 4

Enveloping layer of deep cervical fascia contains:

Back 4

-All muscles; except platysma

Front 5

First rib is located under:

Back 5

Clavicle

Front 6

Subclavian artery passes over first rib then changes name to _____

Back 6

axillary artery

Front 7

In an emergency tracheotomy, most likely structure to hit and damage:
-Control:

Back 7

Anterior jugular vein
-Make vertical incision

Front 8

Procedure if unable to establish a peripheral IV

Back 8

Put finger on clavicle, external jugular pops out

Front 9

Lymphatics

Back 9

Extravascular fluid must be returned

Front 10

What directs extravascular fluid into lymphatic

Back 10

Pressure/movement of skin and muscles

Front 11

Direction for most lymph is:

Back 11

Junction of internal jugular and subclavian vein

Front 12

Epstein barr lymph signs

Back 12

-Produces lymphatonitis in submental nodes, but causes posterior/occipital nods to swell too
-Also sore throat and fatigue

Front 13

HIV lymph symptoms

Back 13

General enlarged lymph nodes all over

Front 14

Platysma found in:

Back 14

subcutaneous fascia

Front 15

Platysma innervated by:

Back 15

Facial nerve

Front 16

Structure lying between platysma and sternocleidomastoid

Back 16

External carotid

Front 17

Floor of posterior triangle

Back 17

Scalenes, omohyoid, levator scapulae, trapezius

Front 18

To test trapezius

Back 18

Shrug shoulders and check contraction of trapezius to make sure it's symmetric

Front 19

To test patency of accessory nerve and sternocleoidmastoid

Back 19

Push head against hand placed on SCM, if there is a problem, will feel asymmetrical results

Front 20

Scalene muscles usually just important for:

Back 20

Respiratory difficulty

Front 21

Scalene function if cervical spine is still:

Back 21

Elevate ribs

Front 22

Scalene function if ribs held still

Back 22

Flex cervical spine

Front 23

Scalenes considered _____; like ____

Back 23

Accessory respiratory muscles like serratus

Front 24

Result If pt. has to use accessory muscles to breath

Back 24

Quickly get fatigued and go into respiratory failure

Front 25

Roots of cervical plexus

Back 25

C1-C4

Front 26

Cervical plexus generally supplies

Back 26

Neck

Front 27

C2-C4 all interconnect and exit posterior triangle as 4 sensory nerves (LGTS)
1.
2.
3.
4.

Back 27

1. Lesser occipital
2. Greater auricular
3. Transverse cervical
4. Supraclavicular

Front 28

Other branches of cervical plexus form:

Back 28

Ansa cervicalis

Front 29

Ansa cervicalis function

Back 29

Motor

Front 30

Exception of cervical plexus

Back 30

Phrenic nerve

Front 31

Phrenic arises from which root

Back 31

C4

Front 32

Roots of brachial plexus

Back 32

C5-T1

Front 33

Brachial plexus generally supplies

Back 33

Upper extremity

Front 34

Cervical plexus exits posterior triangle at:

Back 34

Midpoint of sternocleidomastoid on it's posterior aspect

Front 35

Branches of the Cervical Plexus
1.
2.
3.
4.

Back 35

1. Transverse cervical n.
2. Greater auricular n.
3. Lesser occipital n.
4. Supracalvicular n.

Front 36

The phrenic nerve is considered:

Back 36

A voluntary n.

Front 37

Vertebral level of cervical plexus

Back 37

C4

Front 38

Nerves coming out near cervical plexus, but not part of it:

Back 38

Accessory & greater occipital

Front 39

Nerves at risk during punch biopsy on neck

Back 39

Cervical plexus/accessory

Front 40

What part of the brachial plexus is found between the scalenes?

Back 40

The 3 trunks

Front 41

2 arteries coursing across posterior triangle

Back 41

1. Transverse cervical
2. Supra scapular

Front 42

Phrenic nerve found on top of what muscle

Back 42

Anterior scalene

Front 43

Best place for vascular access in emergency

Back 43

Cubital area

Front 44

If you cannot get vascular acces in cubtial area, next:

Back 44

External jugular

Front 45

Torticollis
-Cause

Back 45

Shortening of sternocleidomastoid
-Congenital; in utero fetus had head turned & 1 side didn't grow properly

Front 46

Furuncle or boil
-Usual cause

Back 46

-Sebaceous gland blocked, sebum backs up & inoculated by bacteria on skin resulting in infection

Front 47

Induration

Back 47

Infection in skin

Front 48

When making incisions, always note:

Back 48

Langer's Lines

Front 49

IND

Back 49

Incise and drain

Front 50

How furuncles need to heal

Back 50

from inside out