Posterior Abdominal Wall & Kidney- Nbde I

Front 1

What are the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall?

Back 1

1. Psoas major & minor
2. Iliacus
3. Quadratus lumborum
4. Transversus abdominis
5. Diaphragm

Front 2

What are the actions of the PSOAS MAJOR? (3)

Back 2

1. Flex thigh (hip joint)
2. Flex column laterally
3. Flex trunk

Front 3

What is the innervation of PSOAS MAJOR?

Back 3

L1-L4 Ventral rami

Front 4

What are the actions of the QUADRATUS LUMBORUM?

Back 4

1. Fix 12th rib
2. Extend & laterally flex vertebral column

Front 5

What is the innervation of QUADRATUS LUMBORUM?

Back 5

T12-L4 ventral rami

Front 6

What are the actions of the ILIACUS?

Back 6

1. Flex thigh & stabilize hip joint
2. Acts w/ psoas major

Front 7

What is the innervation of the ILIACUS?

Back 7

Femoral nerve

Front 8

What are the actions of the DIAPHRAGM?

Back 8

1. Chief muscle of INSPIRATION
2. Pull down central tendon
3. Increase vertical diameter of thorax
4. Help return blood to heart

Front 9

What is the motor innervation of the DIAPHRAGM?

Back 9

Phrenic nerve

Front 10

What is the sensory innervation of the DIAPHRAGM?

Back 10

1. Centrally -> Phrenic (C3-C5)
2. Peripherally:
-Intercostals T5-T11
-Subcostal T12

Front 11

Which crus in the diaphragm is larger & longer & splits to enclose esophagus?

Back 11

Right crus

Front 12

Which ligament of the diaphragm passes over aorta?

Back 12

Median arcuate ligament

Front 13

Which ligament of the diaphragm passes over the psoas major?

Back 13

Medial arcuate ligament

Front 14

Which ligament of the diaphragm passes over the quadratus lumborum?

Back 14

Lateral arcuate ligament

Front 15

What are the 3 diaphragmatic aperatures (openings)?`

Back 15

1. Inferior vena cava foramen T8
2. Esophageal Hiatus T10
3. Aortic Hiatus T12

Front 16

What forms the aortic hiatus?

Back 16

Median arcuate ligament

Front 17

What transmits through aortic hiatus? (3)

Back 17

1. Aorta
2. Thoracic duct
3. Azygos (sometimes)

Front 18

What trasmits through the esophageal hiatus? (3)

Back 18

1. Esophagus
2. Vagal trunks
3. Esophageal vessels

Front 19

What transmits through IVC foramen? (2)

Back 19

1. IVC
2. Right phrenic

Front 20

Where is the IVC foramen located?

Back 20

Central tendon of diaphragm T8

Front 21

Lumbar plexus is composed of which ventral rami?

Back 21

Ventral rami L1-L4 (50% T12)

Front 22

Lumbar plexus originates deep to which muscle

Back 22

Psoas major

Front 23

Which nerves of lumbar plexus supply flat abdominal muscles?

Back 23

L1:
-Illiohypogastric
-Illioinguinal

Front 24

What nerve supplies scrotum/labia majora, Base of penis, clitioris & medial thigh?

Back 24

Terminal branches of illioinguinal (L1)

Front 25

Which nerve supplies skin of lateral thigh?

Back 25

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous L2-L3

Front 26

Which nerve may be compressed w/ tight clothing or prolonged sitting w/ hip flexed?

Back 26

lateral femoral cutaneous L2-L3

Front 27

Which nerve supplies motor to anterior thigh muscles & sensory to anteriro thigh & partly on leg & foot?

Back 27

Femoral Nerve L2-L4

Front 28

Which nerve supplies motor & sensory to muscles & skin of medial thigh?

Back 28

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

Front 29

What are the layers covering the kidney? (4)

Back 29

1. Fibrous renal capsule
2. Perirenal fat
3. Renal fascia
4. Pararenal fat

Front 30

What are the contents of the renal hilum? (3)

Back 30

Renal hilum (ant --> post)
1. Renal Vein
2. Renal Artery
3. Renal Pelvis or Ureter

Front 31

Renal cortex forms outer part of kidney & projects into medullary region between renal pyramids as?

Back 31

Renal columns

Front 32

Renal pyramids are in which layer of kidney?

Back 32

Medulla

Front 33

Apex of renal pyramids projecting into renal sinus?

Back 33

Renal papilla

Front 34

Urine is received from collecting tubules & empty into?

Back 34

Minor calyx

Front 35

Major calyx is formed of?

Back 35

2-3 minor calices

Front 36

Major calices empty into upper dilated portion of ureter known as?

Back 36

Renal pelvis

Front 37

Large fat-filled cavity inside of kidney that extends from hilum

Back 37

Renal sinus

Front 38

Where are the 3 anatomically constricted areas of the ureters?

Back 38

1. Utereropelvic junction
2. Running over bifurcation of common iliac artery
3. Enters into urinary bladder

Front 39

The abdominal aorta terminates as?

Back 39

Common iliac at L4

Front 40

What are the parietal branches of the abdominal aorta? (3)

Back 40

1. Inferior phrenic (bilat)
2. Lumbar (bilat)
3. Median sacral

Front 41

What are the visceral (paired) branches of the abdominal aorta? (3)

Back 41

1. Middle adrenal
2. Renal
3. Gonadal

Front 42

What are the visceral (unpaired) branches of the abdominal aorta? (3)

Back 42

1. Celiac
2. Superior mesenteric
3. Inferior mesenteric

Front 43

The ascending lumbar veins connect? (4)

Back 43

1. External iliac vein
2. Lumbar veins
3. Azygos (right)
4. Hemiazygos (left)

Front 44

The left renal vein receives drainage from? (4)

Back 44

1. Left gonadal
2. Left adrenal
3. Left inferior phrenic
4. Left 2nd lumbar

Front 45

The left renal vein drains to?

Back 45

IVC