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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The medial arcuate ligament of the diaphragm is composed by a thickening of what facia?
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ilio-psoas fascia
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The lateral arcuate ligament of the diaphragm is comprised from the thickening of what fascia?
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fascia of the quadratus lumborum muscle
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State the 3 openings in the diaphragm that allow structures to pass from the thoracic cavity into the abdomen.
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Aortic hiatus, Esophageal hiatus, caval foramen
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Structures passing through the Caval opening:
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- Inferior Vena Cava*
- terminal branches of right phrenic nerve |
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Structures passing through esophageal hiatus:
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- Esophagus*
- Ant & posterior vagal trunks - Esophageal branches of left gastric vessels |
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Structures passing through Aortic hiatus:
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- Aorta *
- thoracic duct -sometimes azygos vein (red, white, blue) |
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The lumbar plexus lies within what muscle??
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psoas major muscle
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State the nerves which contribute to the lumbar plexus
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L1-L3 ventral primary rami and the superior branch of L4
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The ventral ramus of L1 bifurcates and the upper branch divides into:
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- iliohypogastric
- ilioinguinal nerves |
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The nerves of the lower branch of L1 joins the small branch of L2 to form:
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genitofemoral nerve
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L2 + L3 create...
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Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
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The anterior divisions of L2, L3, and L4 form the
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obturator nerve
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the posterior division of L2, L3, and L4 form the
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femoral nerve
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the 2 large nerves arising from the lumbar plexus are
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obturator & femoral nerves
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State the 4 branches of the lumbar plexus!
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-ilioinguinal
-iliohypogastric -genitofemoral -Lateral femoral cutaneous |
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State the nerve that arises form L1, L2 segments of the lumbar plexus
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Genitofemoral N
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The kidney lies in close proximity to what muscle?
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Psoas major
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What structure lies between the kidney and renal fascia
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pERirenal fat
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What is the name of the structure that encapsulates the kidney?
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Renal fascia (Gerota's)
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What structure lies between the renal fascia and the peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall?
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pARarenal fat
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The kidneys lie at vertebral level?
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T12 --> L3
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Why is 1 kidney found at a different vertebral level when compared to the other?
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The large right lobe of the liver pushes the right kidney in a inferior direction.
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What 3 structures leave or enter the kidney at the hilum?
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(ant --> post) Renal vein, Renal Artery, Renal pelvis
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State the arteries which supply the kidney!
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Renal arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta (lumbar region L1, 2)
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Define the renal pelvis.
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It is an area of transition b/w the kidney and the ureter
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State the name of the kidneys medial concave margin.
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The renal sinus (the site where the renal hilum and the renal pelvis meet)
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Follow the flow of urine from the medulla to the bladder.
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Urine flows from the collecting ducts --> medulla --> minor calicies --> major calicies --> renal pelvis which becomes the ureter
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Where does the ureter lie in relation to the renal blood vessel at the hilum of the kidney?
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The ureters lie posterior to the renal vessels. (vein, artery, ureter).
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Trace the course of the ureter from the kidney to the bladder.
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the ureters begin at the renal pelvis and descends within the retroperitoneum along the anterior of the psoas.
It crosses the pelvis anterior to the bifurcation of the common iliac artery and pierces the urinary bladder. |
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What is the drainage of the right ovarian OR testicular vein:?
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directly into the Inferior Vena Cava
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What is the drainage of the left ovarian OR testicular vein?
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it goes to the left renal vein
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Where are the adrenal glands located?
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They lie on the anterior-medial aspect of the superior pole of the kidney dispersed in the renal fascia.
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Can you describe the arterial supply of the adrenal glands?
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Superior Adrenal Artery; a branch from the inferior phrenic
Middle Adrenal Artery: a branch from the abdominal aorta Inferior Adrenal Artery; a branch of the renal artery |
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why is it more difficult to perform an adrenalectomy on the right adrenal gland?
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The right adrenal vein is much shorter and drains directly into the inferior vena cava.
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