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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Routine for thoracics.
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AP, lateral
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film size for thoracics
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14*17
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On thoracics, how should you position the pt.'s head when recumbant and why?
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lay head directly on table or on a thin pillow to avoid accentuation the thoracic kyphosis
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On thoracics, for the supine position, how do you reduce kyphosis?
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flex the patient's hips and knees to place thighs in vertical position
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CR for thoracics
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should be approximately halfway between the jugular notch and the xyphoid process
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Why would you place a firm pillow under the pt's head on a lateral thoracic?
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to keep the long axis of the vertebral column horizontal
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On AP thoracics, placement of IR
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1 1/2 to 2 inches above the shoulders
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Respiration for AP
thoracics |
*take shallow breaths during exposure
OR *suspend at the end of full expiration |
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position of IR and part for lateral thoracics
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*superior edge of IR 1 1/2 -2 inches above shoulders
*center the POSTERIOR half at the level of T7(inferior angle of the scapulae. |
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on lateral thoracics, why do you adjust the pt's arms at right angles to the long axis of the body?
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to elevate the ribs enough to clear the intervertebral foramina
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respiration for lateral throacics
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*breathe normally to obliterate vascular markings and ribs OR
*at the end of expiration |
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What is the drawback of using tilt?
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It creates distortion
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On lateral thoracics, what do you do if the vertebral column is not elevated to a horizontal plane?
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*build the pt. up
OR *angle the tube to make the CR perpendicular (10deg for female) (15deg for male) |
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Why would you not see upper thoracics in a lateral?
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the shoulders are in the way
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What should be seen on lateral thoracics?
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*12 thoracic vertebrae centered on IR
*tight collimation to reduce scatter radiation |
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Routine for lumbar
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*AP
*2 obliques *Lateral *Spot |
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Film size for lumbar
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*AP/Lateral- 14*17
*Obliques- 14*14 *Spot- 8*10 |
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On lumbars, how do you reduce lumbar lordosis?
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flex the pt's hips and knees enough to place the back in firm contact with table
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For lumbar spine and sacrum, what's the center point?
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iliac crests (L4)
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For lumbar spine ONLY, what's the center point?
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1 1/2 inches above the iliac crests (L3)
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Respiration for lumbars
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suspend at the end of expiration
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What should you see on lumbars/lumbosacrals?
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*area from lower thoracics to the sacrum
*tight collimation to the lateral margin of the psoas muscles |
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The articular processes of the lumbar vertebrae form an angle of ___ to ___ degrees.
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30, 50
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When do you normally perform obliques?
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immediately after the AP when pt. is in same position
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On lumbar obliques what is the degree of rotation to demonstrate articular processes?
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45
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On lumbar obliques, which zygapophyseal joints are demonstrated?
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the joints CLOSEST to the IR
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Respiration for lumbar obliques.
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suspend at the end of expiration
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CR placement for lumbar region.
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enter 2 inches medial to the elevated ASIS and 1 1/2 inches above the iliac crests
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When pt. is positioned properly on obliques, lumbar vertebrate should look like ______.
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scottie dogs
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When joint is not well demonstrated, if pedicle is ANTERIOR, the pt is ______.
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not rotated enough
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When joint is not well demonstrated, if pedicle is POSTERIOR, the pt is ______.
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rotated too much
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If you see apophyseal joints on cervicals, pt. is _____. Its almost _____.
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*obliqued TOO MUCH
*lateral |
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On cervicals, if you see both _____, then pt. is too AP.
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lung apices
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