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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What three projections do you do for a hand?
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PA
PA Oblique Lateral |
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What size film do you use?
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8*10
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Position of patient for PA and PA Oblique.
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Seat pt at end of table.
Adjust seat and rest forearm on table. |
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Position of part for PA.
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Forearm on table with PALMAR surface down.
Spread fingers slightly. |
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What do you center the IR to on a PA?
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The Metacarpophalangeal(MCP) joints
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Where should the CR be on a PA?
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Perpendicular to the third MCP joint.
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What should a PA show/include?
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All anatomy distal to the radius and ulna.
1)carpals, metacarpals, phalanges 2)distal radius and ulna 3)an oblique projection of the first digit |
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What should the obliquity of the hand be for a PA Oblique?
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The MCP joints should form an angle of approximately 45 degrees with the IR plane.
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How do you obtain a PA oblique projection of the hand?
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By rotating the patient's hand laterally (externally) from the pronated position until the fingertips touch the IR.
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Where should the CR be on a PA Oblique?
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Perpendicular to the third MCP joint.
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What should be demonstrated on a PA Oblique?
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Minimal overlap of the third-fourth and fourth-fifth metacarpal shifts.
All anatomy distal to the distal radius and ulna. |
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What is the position of the pt for a lateral?
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Pt up to table with hand in the lateral position with the ulnar aspect down.
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What is the position of the part for a lateral?
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Extend the pt's digits and adjust the first digit at a right angle to the palm.
Center the IR to the MCP joints. |
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A position of part which eliminates superimposition of all but the proximal phalanges.
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fan lateral position
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What does a true lateral position cause?
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Superimposition of the phalanges.
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Where should the CR be in a lateral?
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Perpendicular to the second digit MCP joint.
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What is a lateral projection of the hand good for?
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Localizing of foreign bodies and metacarpal fracture displacement.
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What is the criteria for a hand to be in a true lateral position?
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1)superimposed phalanges
2)superimposed metacarpals 3)superimposed distal radius and ulna |
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What should the CR be for any projection with second through fifth digits?
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Perpendicular to the PIP joint of the affected digit.
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For a lateral projection what surface should the hand rest on for the second or third digit?
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lateral/radial
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For a lateral projection what surface should the hand rest on for the fourth or fifth digit?
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medial/ulnar
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For a PA oblique of a finger, how should you position the part?
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Rotate the hand externally until the digits are separated and at 45 degrees.
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What should be demonstrated on a PA Oblique of a finger?
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The entire digit at a 45 degree angle, including the distal portion of the adjoining metacarpal.
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What is the preferred projection for a thumb and why?
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AP because the thumb is closer to the IR and the magnification is decreased.
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How do you position the part for a AP projection of the thumb?
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Put the pt's hand in a position of extreme internal rotation.
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How do you position the part for a lateral projection of the thumb?
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Adjust the arching of the hand until a true lateral position of the thumb is obtained.
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How do you position the part for a PA Oblique projection of the thumb?
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Same as a PA hand.
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Where should the CR be for any projection of the thumb?
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Perpendicular to the MCP joint.
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What is the routine for a wrist?
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PA
PA Oblique AP Oblique Lateral |
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For a lateral wrist, what is the position of the patient?
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Place the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joint in the same plane to permit right angle rotation of the ulna and radius.
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What is the center for a wrist?
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The joint or the flexion point.
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Position of part for a PA wrist.
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Align parallel with long axis of IR and slightly flex the digits to press wrist down.
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What should you be able to see on a PA wrist?
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Distal radius and ulna, carpals, and proximal half of metacarpals.
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Position of part for the lateral wrist.
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Have the pt flex the elbow 90 degrees to rotate the ulna to the lateral position.
Center the IR to the carpals. |
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What are the structures shown in a PA Oblique of the wrist?
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Demonstrates the carpals on the lateral side of the wrist, particularly the trapezium and the scaphoid.
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Position of part for a PA Oblique of the wrist.
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Rotate the wrist laterally(externally) until it forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees.
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Position of part for an AP Oblique of the wrist.
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Rotate the wrist medially(internally) until it forms a semisupinated position of approximately 45 degrees.
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What are the structures shown in an AP Oblique of the wrist?
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It separates the pisiform from the adjacent carpal bones.
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