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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who is the "Great Liberator"
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Simon Bolivar
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Whose bonds are considered one of the most secure investments in the world because the government is unlikely to default?
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U.S. Treasury
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The U.S. has been relying on which 2 countries to purchase Treasury bonds to avoid raising interest rates?
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China and Japan
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1991 to 2000 was proclaimed by the UN as the
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Decade Against Drug Abuse
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a major innovation made in agriculture to support development is known as the
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Green Revolution
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Who defeated the Incas of Peru?
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Francisco Pizarro
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Who wrote about the "unseen hand" in his book The Wealth of the Nations
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Adam Smith
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Weapons for germ warfare are also called
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biological weapons
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What does not factor into a state's economic strengths as well as vulnerabilities?
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a state's political institutional structure
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Credibility is more difficult to maintain when
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a state possesses nuclear weapons because of the incredible destructive power of them
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The six-party talks on North Korea's nuclear program included which countries?
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North and South Korea, U.S., Japan, China, and Russia
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Which state agreed to a VER on its soft-lumber exports to the U.S. as a part of a larger trade dispute?
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Canada
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Who argues that developed states will take advantage of LDCs due to the reality of the class system that exists at the international level?
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world system theorists
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Who argues that developed states will take advantage of LDCs due to the anarchic international system's imperative to compete?
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realists
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In 2002, what country suffered from the lowest growth rate in the European Union?
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Germany
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What countries experience economic misfortunes, contributing to U.S. economic hegemony in the post-Cold war?
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Japan and Germany, Russia and China
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Dependency theory is associated with
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Marxism
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Military personnel not on active duty, which can be mobilized quickly
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reserves
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the reduction or elimination of a state's overall arms levels
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disarmament
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measures, directly related to military forces, adopted by governments to contain the costs and harmful consequences of the continued existence of arms within the overall objective of sustaining or enhancing their security
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arms control
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Arms control is primarily the search for
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minimizing the security dilemma
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The Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty was signed by:
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George W. Bush
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Which political scientist is noted for arguing that political culture was a crucial link between economic development and democracy?
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Ronald Iglehart
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In 2005, North Korea announced that it possessed
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plutonium-based nuclear weapons
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The system that allows for the balance of payments to always equal zero is called
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double-entry bookkeeping
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a strategy of economic isolation intended to encourage domestic entrepreneurs to manufacture products otherwise imported from abroad
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import-substitution industrialization
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seeks to promote development by working within, rather than against, the global economic system
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export-led industrialization
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Which region experiences both success and limitations with regard to import-substitution industrialization?
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Latin America
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The world's urban population is expected to reach _____% by the year 2025
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60
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Deterrence can fail if:
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a challenger doubts the defender's commitment, capability, or credibility, or if it calculates that the benefit or prize exceeds the punishment
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The Industrial Revolution began in
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England
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The baht is the currency for:
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Thailand
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Israel's attack on Egypt and Syria in 1967 was partially due to the Israeli doubt of Egypt and Syria's
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capability
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What is the purpose of subsidies?
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to allow producers to compete against imports in the home market as well as in the international market
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The Dutch cities of Amsterdam, the Hague, and Rotterdam were
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the financial centers of European trade
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Who is attributed with the concept of comparative advantage?
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David Ricardo
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a superior-inferior relationship in which one state controls the people and territory of another state is
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imperialism
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The example most widely used to demonstrate the stabilizing aspect of nuclear deterrence is
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the absence of war between the U.S. and Soviet Union during the Cold War
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An increase in tensions over North Korea's nuclear program in 2003 was the result of
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their withdrawal from the NPT
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The three categories of economic power are
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territory, population, and trade and industry
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In the START II Treaty, the U.S. and Russia agreed to reduce their strategic nuclear arsenals to
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no more than 3500 warheads each
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According to SALT I, the U.S. and Russia agreed to
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limit anti-ballistic missile sites to two each
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Who said, "War is nothing but the extension of politics by other means."?
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Clausewitz
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Who said, "War is too important to be left to generals."?
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Clemenceau.
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Who said, 'Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun'?
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Mao
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Arms control is a bigger challenge in
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underdeveloped regions
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Which state possesses the most active and inactive nuclear weapons?
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Russia
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Who argues for soft power?
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realists
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The Cuban Missile Crisis is considered
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a failed deterrence but a successful compellence
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The decolonization of the British empire was
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generally peaceful
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What focuses on political values and beliefs rather than on institutions, economics, and other domestic factors?
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political culture
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When the U.S. failed to convince Hussein that it would oppose an Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, it demonstrated a failure of
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commitment
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Rationality requires
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decision makers to make comparisons among choices and rank them
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Which nation followed an export-led industrialization strategy?
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South Korea
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The volume of trade in foreign exchange markets reached ________ per day by 2004
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almost $2 trillion
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Autonomous development practices focused on _____________________ to meet a state's citizens' basic needs
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territorially based efforts
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The Boer War began as a conflict over
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huge deposits of gold in the Transvaal
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The warring parties in the Opium War were
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Britain and China
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Who believes the idea that states should seek relative rather than absolute gains in order to be stronger than their closest competitors?
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Realists
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What group formed the "Quartet" in 2002 and developed a road map for peace?
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Russia, China, the UN, and the EC
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The international relations of South Asia have been dominated by the antagonism between
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India and Pakistan
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Al Qaeda had struck U.S. targets ________ time(s) before the devastating strike on September 11, 2001.
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four
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Globalization, fragmentation, conflict, cooperation all are present, but the greatest threat to the Westphalian system is
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non-state actors
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During the Cold War, many conflicts
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were proxy conflicts for the superpowers
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A major obstacle for peace in the Middle East
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is lack of domestic support from both sides
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The direct involvement of_______is what distinguishes South Asia from the Middle East in terms of regional instability.
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China
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What event influenced the international community to not intervene in Rwanda?
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the failure in Somalia
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Why has the potential for collective security, and global efforts on human rights, not been realized?
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free-rider problem among states and national sovereignty
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Who said, "The King was wearing enough for us both."?
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Mohandas Ghandi
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The most intense colonial competition throughout the 18th and 19th centuries was between
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Britain and France
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The peak influence of the Russian Empire
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was during the Cold War
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Who wanted to create a United States of South America?
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Simon Bolivar
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Fierce anti colonialism stems from
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elite colonialism
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What were 2 efforts to combat the use of biological weapons?
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1925 Geneva Protocol banned the use of them; BWC prohibits use, possession, and manufacturing of these weapons
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What was an effort to combat the use of chemical weapons?
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Chemical Weapons Commission (CWC) bans possession, acquisition, production, stockpiling, transfer, and use of chemical weapons
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The NPT prohibited states already in possession of nuclear weapons from
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helping other states acquire them
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The NPT states that non-nuclear states are prohibited from
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manufacturing or otherwise obtaining nuclear arms
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The NPT states that all nuclear weapons states are allowed to
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facilitate the exchange of equipment, materials, and scientific and technical information on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy
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Which two states have been removed from the list of state sponsors of terrorism?
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Iraq and Libya
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What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
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an imaginary line drawn between Spain and Portugal, granting Spain all lands to the west of the line and Portugal all lands to the east
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Who gained the most from the Treaty of Tordesillas?
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Spain, because they gained everything that came with the New World
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What are some critiques of the modernization theory?
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Traditional social and political institutions are hard to change today and there is a question as to whether earlier paths of development can even be duplicated today
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How did empires influence the development of world politics?
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They spread ideas, religion, goods, customs, plants, animals, and people around the world. They caused peace and led to war. They influenced regional and worldwide power dynamics for generations.
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What is the pessimist's view on proliferation?
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The hazards of proliferation far outweigh any potential deterrent capability. States cannot consistently recognize and act in accordance with what is in their best interest.
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Describe the Washington Consensus
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A set of 10 economic policy prescriptions for developing countries that were in crises to improve development.
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Give 2 critiques of the Washington Consensus
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Led to currency crisis; it didn't take into account the impact on the domestic society, the economy, and politics
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What are two additional concerns over proliferation?
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Many view the threat of using nuclear weapons as an empty threat and not a legit deterrent.
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Who single-handedly changed the face of development by showing how microloans could be profitable?
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Dr. Mohammed Yunus
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How do states deal with domestic economic problems, like a recession, with a fixed exchange rate?
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They will have to defend their currency by raising interest rates to maintain its value or
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What reflects the hope that the international community can work together across a broad set of interrelated issues?
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The UN's Millennium Development Goals
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The purpose of the Millennium Development Goals
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To promote development in a mutually beneficial way
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The UN's Millennium Development Goals are analyzed at what level of analysis?
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Systemic
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Modernization theory is analyzed at what level of analysis?
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Domestic
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What comes with modernization?
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democratization
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