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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Quinta bottling from Sandeman?
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The name of their most famous "Quinta" (vineyard) is Quinta do Seixo, but the name of their "second" label vintage port is "Vau"
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Who makes "Vau"?
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Sandemans - it's their "second" label vintage port
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When was Porto first demarcated?
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1756, making it the very first demarcated wine region in the world.
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What is the IVDP?
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The Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto, or the Douro Port Wine Institute, oversees the production of Port. The IVDP is a government organization that :
-supervises production, promotion and trade of all Porto and Douro DOP wine -has authority over all shippers and growers -maintains the "lei do tergo", or "law of thirds" -guarantees label integrity, age designations, and samples all all appellation wines for authenticity. |
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What is the "lei do tergo"?
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The "lei do tergo", or "law of thirds", is a decree held up by the IVDP for all Port houses to abide by. The "lei do tergo" states that Port houses may sell no more than 1/3 of their inventory as Port annually.
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What decree in Porto states that Port sales be restricted to 1/3 of a house's inventory annually?
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The "lei do tergo", or "law of thirds", states that no more than 1/3 of all inventory may be sold as Port annually for a given Porto house.
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What is the "beneficio authorization" in Porto?
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The "Beneficio" authorization is the amount of wine that a grower may fortify in a given year, per vineyard. The beneficio authorization (beneficio is a term that also refers to the halting of alcoholic fermentation in winemaking by adding grape spirit - known as Mutage in France) is determined by the IVDP (Instituto do Douro e Porto, aka Douro Port Wine Institute), based on a matrix of 12 factors.
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What term describes the amount of wine that a grower may fortify in a given year, per vinyeard? Who determines this amount? Based on what factors?
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The term is "Beneficio" authorization. (Beneficio is also the term used to describe the arresting of alcoholic fermentation with the addition of spirit - the French call it Mutage.
The Beneficio authorization is determined by the Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto, aka IVDP. There are 12 factors that the IVDP uses to determine the beneficio, ranging from soil, vineyard exposure, bedrock to trellising and vine density. |
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When discussing the "ranking" of the Port vineyards in the upper Douro, how many total points are available? How many different "factors" are analysed to determine the total number of points? What decisions are made about each vineyard once the total number of points per factor are determined?
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The quality of Porto vineyards is based on a vineyard ranking system. The total possible points a vineyard may earn is 2361 points.
There are 12 different "factors" that are analyzed to determine total number of points a vineyard has earned. Each of the 12 "factors" is worth a minimum/maximum # of points, depending on its importance. Once all of the points for a given factor have been awarded for a vineyard, the 12 factors are tallied and awarded a letter grade. Any vineyard with more than 1200 points earns an "A". A vineyard scoring between 1001 and 1200 points earns a "B", and so on, down to "F". The end result of the "grade" a vinyeard may be awarded, and the # of points given, is the "beneficio", or the amount of wine that can be fortified from that vineyard. |
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How many factors are considered when ranking the vineyards of Porto? What are they?
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12 factors:
7 Soil/Climate Factors - location, altitude, exposure, bedrock, rough matter, slope, shelter. 5 Vine factors - type of vine, planting density, vine age, yield and training system. |
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What are the two broad styles produced, according to Porto Compendium, of Porto DOP?
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Licoroso Branco
Licoroso Tinto |
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What are the max yields for Branco and Tinto wines for Porto DOP?
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Branco - 65 hl/ha
Tinto - 55 hl/ha |
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What are grape varieties called in Porto?
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Castas
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What are the 9 preferred Tinto Castas for Porto DOP? What % must these grapes constitute in the final blend of Porto DOP?
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Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinto Cao, Tinta Roriz (Aragonez/Tempranillo), Tinta Baroca, Tinta Amarela (Trincadeira), Tinta Francisca, Maurisco Tinto (Marufo)
These grapes must represent 60% of the final blend of Porto DOP. |
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What are Marufo, Trincadeira and Aragonez aka? In which DOP are they grown under these names? In which DOP as their syns?
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Marufo = Maurisco Tinto
Trincadeira = Tinta Amarela Aragonez = Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo) Marufo in Beiras = Maurisco Tinto in Douro/Porto DOP Trincadeira in Beiras/Douro = Tinta Amarela in Porto Aragonez in Beiras/Douro = Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo) in Porto |
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Name 6 of the preferred white grapes of Porto DOP?
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Gouveio (aka Verdelho)
Escagna Cao (aka Sercial) Malvasia Fina (aka Boal) Viosinho Rabigato Folgasao |
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Which DOP is home to these white grapes, three of the six preferred - Rabigato, Folgasao and Viosinho?
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Rabigato, Folgasao and Viosinho are three of the six preferred white grapes in Porto DOP.
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These three white grapes of Madeira: Verdelho, Sercial and Boal, represent three of the preferred castas for Porto Branco DOP - what are they known as in Porto?
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Verdelho = Gouveio
Sercial = Escagna Cao Boal = Malvasia Fina |
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What are Vinhos ao Alta in Porto?
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Vinhos ao Alta is the term for new, vertical row plantings in the vineyards of the Douro. The traditional terraced vineyards are difficult to work and new "Vinhos ao Alta" are being utilized for new plantings.
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Term for vertical plantings of grapes in the Douro, as opposed to terraced plantings?
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Vinhos ao Alta
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What are Patamares?
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Patamares are wider than normal terraced vineyards in the Douro. Patamares were built/created to allow for ease of working, and for tractors, even though hand harvesting is widely embraced.
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Name for the wider than normal terraced vineyards in Porto, set up to allow for tractors and easier working?
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Patamares
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What are lagares?
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Lagares are low, open granite troughs were laborers would crush grapes by foot. Pisadores?
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The addition of grape spirit to partially fermented wine in Porto is called...
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Beneficio
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Beneficio is..
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The addition of 77% aguardente, grape brandy, to partially fermented wine in Porto. The ratio is usually 1 aguardente wine to 4 parts wine
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What is aguardente?
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77% abv grape brandy used to fortify Porto
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What is a Pipe?
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Name of the barrels used in Porto, for both aging and shipping. For aging, most Pipes are 550L, though Pipes in Vila Nova di Gaia are often 620 L. Pipes used for shipping are 534.24 L.
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Name and different sizes/uses for Douro Barrles?
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All are called Pipes.
Pipe Douro Aging - 550L Pipe Vila Nova di Gaia aging - 620L Pipe shipping - 534.24L |
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Area in Oporto where most Port lodges are located?
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Vila Nova di Gaia. Here, in the cellars/lodges of Oporto, the barrels of Port most famously age (at least they used to - it stopped being mandatory in 1986)
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The two, broad styles of Port?
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Ruby and Tawny
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The five styles of Ruby Port?
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-Ruby Port
-Ruby Reserve Port (aka Ruby Reserve or Premium Ruby - formerly known as Vintage Character) -Vintage Port -Single Quinta Port -Late Bottled Vintage Port |
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What style of Port used to be known as Vintage Character Port?
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Vintage Character Port is now called Ruby Reserve
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Discuss Vintage Port - (aging, % of production, etc)
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Vintage Port represents 1-3% of a house's production.
Vintage Port must be approved by the IVDP and is aged in cask and must be bottled by July 30 of the third year following harvest. |
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Discuss Single Quinta Port -
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Often produced in non-vintage Port years, single Quinta port is typically labelled with the name of a great vineyard. Single Quinta Ports are usually made the exact same way as vintage port. Examples include - Warre's "Quinta da Cavadinha", Taylor's "Quinta da Vargellas" or Dow's "Quinta do Bomfim"
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Name the Single Quinta for the following Port producers:
-Calem -Croft -Churchills -Delaforce -Quinta do Noval -Sandeman |
Calem - Quinta do Sagrado, Quinta da Foz
Croft - Quinta do Roeda Churchills- Quinta do Agua Alta, Quinta do Gricha Delaforce - Quinta da Corte Quinta do Noval - Quinta do Silva Sandeman - Quinta do Vau |
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How long must Late Bottled Vintage Port age before bottling? What does "Envelhecido em Garrafa" indicate on a bottle of LBV?
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LBV ports must be aged a min of 4-6 years in cask before being bottled, and will carry the harvest vintage, and usually the year the wine was bottled. In rare circumstances LBV's, will age an additional 3 years in bottle! These LBV's are called "Envelhecido em Garrafa".
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Term given to LBV Ports that are aged an additional three years in bottle before release?
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LBV's that are aged an additional three years in bottle may be labelled "Envelhecido em Garrafa".
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How long must "Reserve Tawny Ports" age before bottling?
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"Reserve Tawny Ports" must age a min of 7 years before bottling.
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Name the styles of Tawny Port -
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Tawny Port
Reserve Tawny Port Tawny w/Indication of Age Colheita Tawny |
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What is Colheita Port? How long must it age in cask before release?
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Colheita Port is a vintage dated Tawny Port. Colheita Port must age a min of three years prior to bottling.
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Name a producer of Colheita Port that does not bottle until orders come in?
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Calem
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What are the sub-zones of the Douro?
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Cima Corgo, Baixo Corgo, Douro Superior
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principal and highest "ranking" soil found in Porto?
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Schist
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Min abv for Porto?
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19-22% abv, except Porto Branco Leve Secco, which is min 16.5%
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Porto wines have a min abv of 19-22%, except for one style, which has a min of just 16.5% - which style has this lower min abv% requirment?
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Porto Branco Leve Secco has a min of just 16.5% abv
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Porto is said to be discovered when? Where? What was it nicknamed in England?
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Said to be discovered in 1678 by two Englishmen, in Lamego, a mountain side village monastery in the Douro. The monastery practiced "mutage", halting fermentation with the addition of grape spirit. It was sent to England where it became known as blackstrap.
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Between 1758 and 1761, the Portuguese and the English categorized the best 335 vineyards in the Douro, in an attempt to combat fradulent bottlings. The best vineyards were called ______ while the lesser vineyards were called______.
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Feitorias - best 335 vineyards in the Douro, meant for Port production for English consumption.
Ramas - lesser vineyards for local consumption |
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What does DOP stand for in Porto? IGP?
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DOP - (formerly DOC) - Denominacao de Origem Protegida.
IGP - Indicacao Geografica Protegida |
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What is the IGP of Porto?
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Duriense
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Name the sub-regions of the Douro, West to East-
What and where is Villa Nova di Gaia? |
Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior
Villa Nova di Gaia is the name of the the Coastal town in Porto, where are all the famous Port lodges are. This is where Port was originally bottled, aged and shipped from, after making the journey down the Douro on Barco Rabelo ships, from Pinhao in the Cima Corgo. |
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What are Feitorias? Ramas?
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Feitorias were the best 335 vineyards in Porto, originally ranked in the mid 1700's by English shippers and the Douro Wine Company.
Ramas are lesser vineyards than Feitorias. |
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Where do we find the Marao and Montemuro Mountains?
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These granite mountains are along the Douro River in Porto and Duriense
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Who makes the following Quinta ports? - Guimarenes, Quinta do Seixo, Quinta da Madalena, Quinta dos Malvedos, Quinta da Gricha,
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Guimarenes - Fonseca (not a quinta as much as a second-label vintage port)
Quinta do Seixo - Ferreira (last in 1983) Quinta da Madalena - Smith Woodhouse Quinta dos Malvedos - Grahams Quinta da Gricha - Churchill's |
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Where are the Pinhao and Tavoro Valleys?
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Both are valleys in the Upper Douro Valley
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Where is the Tavora River?
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Tavora is a tributary of the Douro River, in the upper Douro DOP.
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