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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Population Medicine
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uses epidemiology and biostats to study health and disease in a population
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Evidence Based Medicine
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application of epidemiology to patient care
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clinical health vs public health in terms of levels of intervention
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public health - primary intervention, clinical health- secondary or tertiary intervention
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Analytic Epidemiology
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it answers the why and how of this disease happens
provides the causes and mechanisms of health problems compares groups |
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Epidemiologic Triad (whats on the outside? whats in the middle)
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Environment, Host, Agent and in the middle is the disease?
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Natural History of Disease
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Susceptibility---> Sub-clinical--> Clinical --> Stage of Recovery, Disability/Death
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Passive Immunity
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Immunity you get from the womb
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Infectivity
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Portion of exposed persons who become infected
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Pathogenicity
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portion of infected people who get the disease
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Virulence
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portion of people with clinical disease who become severly ill
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epidemic
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increase in occurrence over defined period in excess of what was expected
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endemic
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diseases,etc commonly present .. usual prevalence
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herd immunity
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high proportion of individuals in population is immune or resistant, chain of infection may be interrupted
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incidence rates
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new cases in population over a period of time
estimates risk of developing disease |
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cumulative incidence (definition)
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proportion of people who become diseased during a period of time
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cummulative incidence (equation)
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CI = (# of new cases during a period of time) *10^n/ total population at risk
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Incidence density (definition)
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risk in changing population where people free of disease at start and observed effect of disease for different periods calculated rom cohort study. show how rapidly cases develop
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incidence density (equation)
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?
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prevalence rates
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number of existing cases during a period of time *10^n/ (population during the same period)
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point prevalence (definition)
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presence of disease at a single point in time
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period prevalence (definition)
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presence of disease at a partial period in time (snapshot)
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point prevalence (equation)
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(# of existing cases at a specific point in time * 10n) /(total mid point population at risk)
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period prevalence (equation)
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( # of existing cases of a specific period of time*10^n)/(total mid-period population at risk)
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prevalence (equation)
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=(IR X D)
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prevalence and incidence uses
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prevalence used for planning/evalutaion
incidence used to identify causual relationships |
