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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CH3COO 1-
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Acetate
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NH4 1+
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ammonium
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HCO3 1-
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bicarbonate
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CO3 2-
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carbonate
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CN 1-
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cyanide
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OH 1-
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hydroxide
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NO3 1-
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nitrate
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NO2 1-
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nitrite
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MnO4 1-
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permangate
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PO4 3-
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phosphate
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SO4 2-
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sulfate
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SO3 2-
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sulfite
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ion
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An ion is a charged atom or molecule. It is charged because the number of electrons do not equal the number of protons in the atom or molecule. An atom can acquire a positive charge or a negative charge depending on whether the number of electrons in an atom is greater or less then the number of protons in the atom.
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Electronegativity
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The tendenciy of a atom to attract electrons to itself when bonding to another atom
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ionic bond
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bond formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons
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ionic compound
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substance formed between when electrons are transfered between two of more substances
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bond strength
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the energy needed to break the bonds between atoms in a compound
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octet rule
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that atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons so as to have eight electrons in their outer electron shell.
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Valence electron
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electrons in the oter most energy level involved in chemical reactions
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ionic solids
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dont exist as individual molecules
tend to form crystals ions touch many others formula represents the average ion ratio have a high melting point tend to be soluble in water will conduct electricity in agueous solution |
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formula for ionic compound
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Under some conditions, atoms of certain elements can transfer electrons between them when they form a compound. They are usually formed between metals and nonmetals. For example, in ordinary table salt (sodium chloride - NaCl), the sodium atom (a metal) gives up an electron to the chlorine atom (a nonmetal). The sodium atom is now an ion because it has an electrical charge. Since it has one less electron, it has a charge of +1. The chlorine atom becomes a chloride ion and gains one electron, making a have a charge of -1. Since opposite charges attract, the sodium and the chloride ions attract each other and form an ionic bond. The formula unit of NaCl is therefore Na+ and Cl- ions. The formula unit of CaCl2 is one Ca2+ and two Cl- ions--the calcium atom gives one electron to each of the two chlorine atoms, giving it a charge of +2. The positive ion is called a cation; the negative is called a anion. When writing the formula of an ionic compound, give the cation first position in the formula.
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