Polyatomic Ion Names, Nomenclature And Oxidation States

Front 1

Sulfuric Acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 1

H2SO4
H = +1 x 2
S = +6
O = -2 x 4

Front 2

Sulfate Ion

Back 2

SO4 ^-2

Front 3

Phosphate Ion

Back 3

PO4 ^-3

Front 4

Nitrate Ion

Back 4

NO3 ^-1

Front 5

Phosphoric acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 5

H3PO4
H = +1 x 3
P = +5
O = -2 x 4

Front 6

Nitric acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 6

HNO3
H = +1
N = +5
O = -2 x 3

Front 7

Ammonia (+oxidation numbers)

Back 7

NH3
H = +1 x 3
N = -3

Front 8

Ammonium Ion

Back 8

NH4 ^+1

Front 9

Cation

Back 9

Ion with positive charge

Front 10

Anion

Back 10

Ion with negative charge

Front 11

Cyanide Ion

Back 11

CN ^ -1

Front 12

Hydrogen Cyanide (+oxidation numbers)
[prussic acid]

Back 12

HCN
H = +1
C = +2
N = -3

Front 13

Hydrazoic Acid (+oxidation numbers)
[azoimide]

Back 13

HN3
H = +1
N = -1/3 x 3

Front 14

Azide Ion

Back 14

N3 ^ -1

Front 15

Nitrite Ion

Back 15

NO2 ^ -1

Front 16

Nitrous Acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 16

HNO2
H = +1
N = +3
O = -2 x 2

Front 17

Hypochlorous Acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 17

HClO
H = +1
Cl = +1
O = -2

Front 18

Hypochlorite Ion

Back 18

ClO ^ -1

Front 19

Chlorite Ion

Back 19

ClO2 ^ -1

Front 20

Chlorous Acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 20

HClO2
H = +1
Cl = +3
O = -2 x 2

Front 21

Chlorate Ion

Back 21

ClO3 ^-1

Front 22

Chloric Acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 22

HClO3
H = +1
Cl = +5
O = -2 x 3

Front 23

Perchlorate Ion

Back 23

ClO4 ^-1

Front 24

Perchloric Acid (+oxidation numbers)

Back 24

HClO4
H = +1
Cl = +7
O = -2 x 4

Front 25

Differences between suffixes -ous and -ic

Back 25

-ous refers to the lower and -ic refers to the higher oxidation states in metals. Hence
Fe ^+2 is ferrous
and
Fe ^+3 is ferric

Front 26

Manganate (VI) Ion

Back 26

MnO4 ^-2

Front 27

Permanganate Ion (+oxidation states)

Back 27

MnO4 ^-1
Mn = +7
O = -2 x 4

Front 28

Acetic Acid (+oxidation states)
[ethanoic acid]

Back 28

CH3COOH, CH3CO2H , C2H4O2, OHAc
H = +1 x 4
C = -3 [methyl]
O = -2 x 2
C = +3 [carbonyl]

Front 29

Acetate Ion

Back 29

CH3CO2 ^-1, OAc ^-1

Front 30

Oxalic Acid (+oxidation states)

Back 30

H2C2O4
H = +1 x 2
C = +3 x 2
O = -2 x 4

Front 31

Oxalate Ion (abbrev. ox)
[ethanedioate]

Back 31

C2O4 ^-2

Front 32

Carbonic Acid (+oxidation states)
[not to be confused when used as an archaic name for carbon dioxide]

Back 32

H2CO3
H = +1 x 2
C = +4
O = -2 x 3

Front 33

Carbonate Ion

Back 33

CO3 ^-2

Front 34

Isocyanic Acid (+oxidation states)

Back 34

HNCO
H = +1
N = -3
C = +4
O = -2

Front 35

Cyanate Ion

Back 35

OCN ^-1

Front 36

Thiocyanic Acid (+oxidation states)

Back 36

HSCN
H = +1
S = -2
C = +4
N = -3

Front 37

Thiocyanate Ion

Back 37

SCN ^-1

Front 38

Thiosulfate Ion (+oxidation states)
(oxyanion of sulfur)

Back 38

S2O3 ^-2
S = +2 x 2
O = -2 x 3

Front 39

Chromate and Dichromate Ions (+oxidation states)

Back 39

CrO4 ^-2 Cr2O7 ^-2
Cr = +6 Cr = +6 x 2
O = -2 x 4 O = -2 x 7

Front 40

The prefix thio-

Back 40

Implies replacing an oxygen atom with a sulfur atom

Front 41

Some non-metals form a series of polyatomic ions with oxygen (all same charge). Describe the use of suffixes -ate, -ite, -ide, and prefixes hypo- and per-.

Back 41

per- stem -ate = one more oxygen than -ate
stem -ate = your starting point, needs to be memorized
stem -ite = one less oxygen than -ate
hypo- stem -ite = two less oxygens than -ate
stem -ide = monoatomic anion

Front 42

How to convert compound name to acid name

Back 42

stem -ate = stem -ic + acid
stem -ite = stem -ous + acid
stem -ide = hydro- stem -ic acid

Front 43

Which groups tend to form cations?

Back 43

IA, IIA, IIIA and B-groups (transition metals).

Front 44

Which groups tend to form anions?

Back 44

IVA, VA, VIA, and VIIA