Poly Sci Exam 2 Ch. 6 The American Presidency

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Federalist Paper No. 10

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James Madison addresses the question of how to guard against "factions", or groups of citizens, with interests contrary to the rights of others or the interests of the whole community.

Madison argued that a strong, big republic would be a better guard against those dangers than smaller republics—for instance, the individual states.

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flexible response

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name given to President Richard Nixon's containment strategy against the Soviet Union.

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Youth voting turn–out in the 2008 election was higher than it had been in recent presidential elections.

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True

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Cold War

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the era of diplomatic tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union that started after WW II and lasted for approximately 50 years.

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Twelfth Amendment

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altered the presidential selection process by requiring the presidential candidate and the vice–presidential candidate to run on the same ticket.

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Twenty–first Amendment

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Repealed amendment 18 prohibition of drank

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How old must a person be in order to be eligible to serve as president of the United States?

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35

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Federalist Paper No. 64

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John Jay discusses the power given to the president to make treaties with the advice and consent of the senate provided two thirds of the senators present concur.

ensures that men of quality and character and ages thirty years or greater will be making treaties in a manner conducive to the public good and will afford the highest security.

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Twenty–second Amendment

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places term limits on the American president

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How many members of the U.S. House of Representatives does a state have if it is granted 27 Electoral College votes?

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25

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According to James Barber, which personality type is best suited for the presidential office?

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Active–positive

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Richard Neustadt

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argues that presidential power stems from a president's ability to persuade the Washington establishment and the public to do what they might not do on their own

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Federalist Paper No. 69

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makes the case that presidential powers do not resemble the powers assigned to European Monarchs.
example: king serves life term, prez serves 4 years

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New Look

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President Eisenhower's containment strategy against the Soviet Union

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Clinton v. City of New York Supreme Court decision was significant because

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it declared the line–item veto unconstitutional

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In what way is the modern Electoral College system different from the original Electoral College system?

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Electoral College members are selected.

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What were the issues during the creation of the american presidency?

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1) What should presidential selection process be?
2) What should be the scope of presidential power?
3) Individual executive or council?

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Why did we choose for an executive council?

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because executive should play critical role in foreign affairs
also, executive preferred because council might appear weak in foreign nations

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Presidential qualifications:

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1) 35 years old
2) 14 years of US residency
3) citizenship requirement

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Why age requirement?

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because president should 1) posses wisdom and have political experience
2) will most likely have a public record to aces during selection process

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Why residency requirement?

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eliminated British sympathizers who fled to England during Revolutionary War

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Why citizen requirement?

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to prevent foreign monarchs from appointing someone to presidential position

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How does the modern electoral system differ from the original system?

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1) how electoral college members are selected
2) presidential-vice prez ticket
3) winner take all system of counting electoral votes

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Election of 1800 and its impact on the 12th amendment

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election resulted in each candidate receiving same number of electoral votes, demonstrating flaw in system.
12th amendent made it so prez and vice prez are designated on same ticket

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Details of the modern electoral college

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1) Electors are appointed by political parties rather than state legislatures
2) All states except Maine and Nebraska follow the winner take all
example: california wins by one vote= they receive all 6 electoral votes

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The power to bring charges of impeachments is given to the _____; the power to try all impeachments all impeachments is given to the ____

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House of Representatives, Senate

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Presidential Power:

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defined in Article 2 of US Constitution-ambiguous and imprecise
1) executive role to carry out the laws Congress passes

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US Constitution, Article 2

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defines presidential powers -ambiguous and imprecise

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Presidential Prerogative Power

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controversial power to act beyond the law in times of national crisis

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Presidential Commander in Chief Power

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The power to declare war lies with the Congress BUT president exercise greater freedom to INITIATE military conflict

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Presidential Treaty Powers

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treaty with foreign nations must be confirmed with 2/3 ratification vote in US Senate

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Presidential Pardon Powers

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Permits president to grant immunity from punishment to someone convicted of a crime
--power became controversial over past 20 years

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Presidential Appointment Power

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able to appoint ambassadors and other officials
-3,000 appointments made
-1,000 require confirmation from Senate

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Presidential Veto Power

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also called negative power
1) Power to check laws passed by Congress
2) Congress can override veto with 2/3 vote in both houses

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Define Executive signing statement

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signing bill but not enforcing it. expressing displeasure with a particular part of the bill which impacts the way bill is implemented

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Problem with Presidential power in modern era

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controversial idea that Presidents represent more of a Monarchy and less of the "founding fathers approach"

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Federalist Paper 70:

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decision: individual executive or council executive because executive brach requires "ENERGY" to repel foreign attacks, to protect private property...

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22 amendment

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prohibits president from serving more than two terms