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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the center of policymaking?
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Congress
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What are the attractions to the job of being a member of Congress?
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power
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What is substantive representation?
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representing the interest of groups
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What is meant by pork barrel projects?
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federal projects, grants, etc. made available in a congressional district or state
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What are the advantages of incumbency?
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advertising, credit claiming, position taking
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What do PACs buy with their money?
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access
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What is bicameralism?
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a legislature divided into two houses
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Why do incumbents lose?
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scandal/corruption; redistricting; major political tidal waves
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What is the process of impeachment?
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act of indictment by the house with the majority bringing it to the senate for impeachment (?)
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What is the House of Rep?
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-435 members, 2 year terms
-initiates revenue bills -influential on budget -House rules committee -limited debates |
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What is the Senate?
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-100 members, 6 year term
-give "advice and consent" -more influential on foreign affairs -unlimited debates |
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What is a filibuster?
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unlimited debates
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Why are committees and subcommittees important to Congress?
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they get things done
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What is a Standing Committee?
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handle bills in different policy areas
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What is a Joint Committees?
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membership drawn from house and senate
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What is a Conference Committee?
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resolve differences in House and Senate Bills
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What is a Select Committees?
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Created for a specific purpose (ex:Watergate)
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What is presidential power according to Neustadt?
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"power to persuade, not command"
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What does the 22nd amendment say?
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limited # of presidential terms to two (ten over all)
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What are the responsibilities of the vp?
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few responsibilities, leads Senate
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How does the President control the bureaucracy?
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through his power to appoint top level administrators
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What is the OMB?
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Performs both managerial and budgeting function
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What is NSC?
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National Security Council- coordinates president's foreign and military policy adviosrs, includes p, vp, sosad
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What is CEA?
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Council of Economic Advisers- 3 member body appointed by president to advise on economic policy
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What is a veto?
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President sends bill back to Congress with his reasons for rejecting it
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What is a pocket veto?
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a president can let a bill die by not signing it
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What is a line item veto?
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some state Governors can veto parts of a bill
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What is a midterm election?
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congressional election, not accompanied by a presidential election
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What is the War Powers Resolution (1963)
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-limits president's use of military
-requires president to consult with congress prior to using military force and withdraw if there is no extension -president thinks this is unconstitutional |
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What is a rally event?
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involves the president and has little enduring impact on presidential approval
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How does the President use the press?
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gain public support b/c the press is the principle mediary between the president and the public
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What is Weber's conception of the bureaucracy?
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-hierarchial authority structure that uses task specialization
-decisions made at the top and carried out a the bottom -operates on the merit principle -behaves with impersonality |
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What is the Pendleton Act (1883)?
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created civil service (system of hiring and promotion based on merit and non-partisanship)
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What are the standard operating procedures (SOPs)?
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bring uniformity to complex organizations and saves time
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What is regulation?
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use of government authority to control or change some practive in teh private sector
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What is deregulation?
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the lifting of restrictions on business, industry, and professional industries
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How do presidents use public opinion and public approval?
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to break stalemate with Congress
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What are class action lawsuits?
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permits a small number of ppl to sue on behalf of all other ppl similarly situated
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What is original jurisdiction?
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Courts that hear the case first and determine the facts- trial courts
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What did the Judiciary Act (1789) do?
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created constitutional courts
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What is amicus curiae?
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"friend of the court" submits information to attempt to change court's decision
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What is writs of certiorari?
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calls up a case (supreme court)
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What influences the selection of judges?
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partisanship and ideology
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What is judicial implementation?
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how and whether court decisions are translated into actual policy, thereby affecting the behavior of others
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What is judicial restraint?
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judges play minimal policy making roles, leaving that strictly to the legislatures
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How have most presidents come to office?
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elected by the electoral college
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How can the president control bureaucracy?
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his power to appoint top level administrators
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What is the executive office made up of?
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policy making and advisory bodies
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What two things constitutionally influence legislative process?
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veto legislation & state of union address
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What are vetoes most used for?
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prevent legislation
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What is only perception that the voters strongly support the president's character and policy?
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electoral mandate
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Who has the power to declare war?
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Congress
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What is perhaps the greatest source of influence a president has?
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public support
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What is patronage?
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job given for political reasons
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What is the bureaucracy in charge of?
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managing , implementing, and regulating policy
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What does implementation mean?
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translating the goals and objectives of a policy into an operating, on going program
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What is the administrative discretion?
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the authority to select among various responses; they have greatest when rules do not fit a case (when SOPs are not prevalent)
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What is proliferation?
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explosion of the number of ways to get rid of regulation is to deregulate
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Where are most cases tried and resolved?
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state, not federal courts
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What is a plaintiff?
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party bringing the charge
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What is a defendant?
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party being charged
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What is an appellate jurisdiction?
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reviews the legal issues in cases brought from lower cases
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Who is the current Chief Justice?
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John Roberts
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