Pols Ch 3

Front 1

Unitary System

Back 1

Centralized government in which local or subdiv governments exercise only those rights given to them by the central government.

Front 2

Confederate System

Back 2

-A system consisting of independent states, each having essentially sovereign powers.
-Central govt will only have limited powers over states.

Front 3

Enumerated Powers

Back 3

Powers specifically granted to the national government by the Constitution. The first seventeen clauses of Article 1, Section 8, specify most of the enumerated powers of the national government.

Front 4

Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause)

Back 4

The clause in Art.1, Sec.8, that grants congress the power to do whatever is necessary to execute its specifically delegated powers.

Front 5

Police Power

Back 5

-The authority to legislate for the protection of the health, morals, safety, and welfare of the people.
-Most police power belongs to the states.

Front 6

Concurrent Powers

Back 6

Powers held by both the national and state governments.

Front 7

Supremacy Clause

Back 7

The constitutional provision that makes the constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws.

Front 8

Interstate Compact

Back 8

-An agreement between two or more states. Agreements on minor matters are made w.o congressional consent, but any compact that tends to increase the power of the contracting states requires consent by congress.
-A means for states to solve regional problems.

Front 9

Commerce Clause

Back 9

The section of the Constitution in which Congress is given the power to regulate trade among the states and with foreign countries.

Front 10

Dual Federalism

Back 10

-A system in which the states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres.
-The doctrine looks on nation and state as co-equal soverign powers.
-Neither the state or natl government should interfere with the other's sphere.

Front 11

Cooperative Federalism

Back 11

The theory that the states and the national government should cooperate in solving problems.
*FDR*

Front 12

Picket-Fence Federalism

Back 12

a model of federalism in which specific programs and policies (depicted as vertical pickets in a picket fence) involve all levels of government - national, state, and local (depicted by horitonzal boards in a picket fence.

Front 13

Categorical Grants

Back 13

Federal grants to states or local governments that are for specific programs or projects.

Front 14

Block Grants

Back 14

Federal programs that provide funds to state and local governments for general functional areas, such as criminal justice or mental-health programs.

Front 15

Federal Mandate

Back 15

A requirement in federal legislation that forces states and municipalities to comply with certain rules.

Front 16

Devolution

Back 16

The transfer of powers from a national or central government to a state or local government.

Front 17

Reserved Powers

Back 17

10th Amm grants all powers not specifically given to the natl government to the states.

Front 18

Prohibited Powers

Back 18

-apply to both state and national govt
-Natl govt can not tax exports
-State govt can not conduct foreign policy

Front 19

Article IV: Interstae Relations

Back 19

1) Full faith and credit clause
2) Priveleges and Immunities
3) Interstate extradition
4) Interstate compacts