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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which of the following is the most important intrinsic risk factor for respiratory disease?
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Family history
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Air entering and leaving the lungs via inspiration and expiration is known as
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Ventilation
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The diaphragm is controlled by the ______ nerve.
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Phrenic
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An example of diffusion in the respiratory system is movement of
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Oxygen from the alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries
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Airway resistance is increased by
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Decreased elasticity of the chest wall
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Which of the following patients are at risk for the most common cause of upper airway obstruction
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21-year-old female unconscious and supine on the floor
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Normal tidal volume in an average adult is approximately _____ mL
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500
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After normal inspiration and expiration an adult patient has about 2400mL of air remaining in the lungs known as the
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Functional residual capacity
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An average size male has a respiratory rate of 12 per minute and a normal tidal volume. What is the estimated minute alveolar volume for this patient?
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6000
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A 19 year old female with difficulty breathing produces a peak expiratory flow rate of 425 lpm indicating
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Normal ventilatory state
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Stretch receptors in the lungs send a signal to the inspiration center of the medulla inhibiting it's stimulation of the phrenic and intercostal nerves. This is called the _______ reflex
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Hering-Breuer
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The most important factor in determining the respiratory rate is
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Arterial pCO2
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You are working in the ED carting for a 55 year old female with a long history of COPD. She is more short of breath today than usual and states she has an increased controlled cough. She has a tympanic temperature of 99.8F. You have drawn arterial blood gasses with the patient on room air and when the report comes back, it shows that the patient has a pO2 of 52 mmHg. Which of the following is most likely?
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This is the typical value for this patient
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Your ICU patient has ARDS with a pO2 of 62 mmHg despite mechanical ventilation and oxygen. which of the following best explains this finding oat
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It is a problem with gas diffusion in the lung
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Your patient complains of coughing up greenish brown sputum. This is most consistent with
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Bronchitis
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As you are palpating your patients chest he speaks and you can feel the vibration through the chest wall. You should document this as:
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Tactile fremitus
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Capnometry measures the partial pressure of CO2 in:
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Expired air
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ETCO2 is recorded during phase ______ of the capnogram
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III
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Your patient is a 23 year old female who is 30 weeks pregnant. She choked on some chess while eating apiece of pizza. When asked if she can speak she replies yes although with some difficulty. Your next step should be to
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Ask the patient to cough as hard as she can
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Most carbon dioxide from cellular metabolism reaches the alveoli by being transported
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Bound to hemoglobin
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Pulmonary embolism is a problem of
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Perfusion of the lungs
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Normal exhalation involves all of the following exceptob
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Phrenic nerve stimulation
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Obstructive sleep apnea is a problem of the
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Upper airway
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Which of the following provides provides evidence that a patient is using accessory muscles to breath?
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There is a noticeable contraction of the intercostal muscles
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You have been called to treat a patient complaining of difficulty breathing. Which of the findings should concern you the most?
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The patient can only speak only one to two words between breaths
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Your patient is a 70 year old man with a history of emphysema and pulmonary hypotension. His wife called Ems because the patient has become progressively more dyspneic over the course of the day. Which of the following aspects of the history should concern you the most?
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The patient was admitted to the ICU last year and required mechanical ventilation
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Your patient is an obese 42 year old male who uses CPAP at night. This would be most suggestive of
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Obstructive sleep apnea
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Your patient is a 44 year old female alert and oriented in moderate distress and complaining of difficulty breathing. She gives a one week history of fever and malaise with shortness of breath developing three days ago. She also has left sided chest pain with deep inspiration and a phlegmy cough. Physical examination reveals hot pale dry skin and tho chi and rales throughout the left lung. The right lung sounds are clear. HR = 134 BP=88/64 RR=24 SaO2=92%. She has a history of two previous myocardial infractions and takes nitroglycerin as needed. Which of the following is the best course of prehospital management?
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Oxygen via nonrebreather mask, IV of NS with fluid challenge
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