Politics In The Us Exam 2

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authoritarian system

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a system of government that bases its rule on force rather than consent of the governed

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electorate

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the citizens eligible to vote

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mandate

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a command, indicated by an electorate's votes, ffor the elected officials to carry out their platforms

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primary election

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elections in which voters decide which if the candidates within a party will represent the party in a general election

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closed primary

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primary where only the party's registered voters can vote

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open primary

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any party members, independents, and sometimes members from the other party can vote

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crossover voting

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participation in a primary of a party in which the person is not affiliated

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raiding

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an organized attempt by voters of one party to influence the primary of another party

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runoff primary

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a second primary between the two candidates that one the first primary

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general election

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voters decide which candidate will actually take office

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ballot measure

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an election option such as the initiative or referendum that enables voters to enact public policy

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initiative

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an election that allows citizens to propose legislation and submit it to the state electorate for popular vote

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referendum

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an election whereby the state legislation submits proposed legislation to the state's voters for approval

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recall

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an election in which voters can remove an incumbent form office by popular vote

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incumbency

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the fact that being in office helps a person stay in office because of a variety of benefits that go with the position

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Great Compromise

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constitutional convention. gives each state the same number of votes in senate and number of reps in house based on population

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three-fifths compromise

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for the purpose of determining population size, slaves count as three fifths of a person. determined by the constitutional convention

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checks and balances

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a gov. structure that gives each of the three branches of government some degree of oversight and control over the actions of the others

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federal system

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plans of government creates in the US Constitution in which power is divided between the national governments and state governments and which independent states are bound together under one national gov.

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enumerated powers

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seventeen specific powers granted to congress under article I section 8. include taxation, coinage of money, regulation of commerce, and the authority to provide for a national defense

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necessary and proper clause

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art 1 sect 8. gives congress power to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out enumerated powers.

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implied powers

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powers derived from enumerated powers and nec and prop clause. not stated specifically.

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supremacy clasue

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portion of article VI of const. mandates that national law is supreme to all other laws of states and towns, etc

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federalists

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those who favored a strong national government and supported constitution. first political party

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anti-federalists

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those who favored strong states governments and weak national gov. opposed ratification of the const

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The Federalist Papers

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A series of eighty-five political papers written by john jay, alex hamilton, and james madison, in support of the constitution

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bill of rights

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first ten amendments to the constitution

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electoral college

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representatives of each state who cast the final ballots that actually elect a president

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elector

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member of the electoral college chosen by methods determined in each state

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reapportionment

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the reallocation of the number of seats in the House after each decennial census

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regional primary

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a proposed system in which the country would be divided into five of six geological areas and all states in each region would hold their presidential primaries on the same day

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regional primary

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a proposed system in which the country would be divided into five of six geological areas and all states in each region would hold their presidential primaries on the same day