Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the state? |
As defined in the treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the state is a territorially based political unit, with a stable population, legally defined territory, effective government and recognition by other states |
|
|
What is a nation? |
A community of people who are United together by shared values and traditions, such as language, history and customs, and generally occupy the same territory. |
|
|
What are the two main events that have led to national self-determination? |
19th century - transformation of Europe into nation-states 20th century - collapse of empire in Africa and Asia, and collapse of the user in 1991, to be replaced by nation states |
|
|
What three principles of the Treaty of Westphalia? |
Principle of sovereignty of states Principle of legal equality between states Principle of non-intervention by one state in the internal affairs of another state |
|
|
What is internal sovereignty? |
The power of a body within the state to make decisions that are binding on individuals and groups in the territory, and the ability to maintain order. Max Weber determines this as a monopoly over the use of legitimate violence within the state. |
|
|
What is external sovereignty? |
There is no legal or political authority above the state. Right of autonomy to make decisions within the territory of the state free from external interference. No state or legal body has right to intervene in the sovereign affairs of any nation-state. |
|
|
What shows the national sovereignty still exists? |
Provides the basis for international law e.g UN General assembly, each state has one vote and protects territorial boundaries Leads to conflict - Palestine and Israel aim to establish a nation-state |
|
|
What suggests national sovereignty is undermined? |
Globalisation and growing levels of interdependence have led to state borders becoming increasingly porous Increasing role of non-state actors, transnational corporations and non-governmental organisations Move from intergovernmentalism to supranationalism and regionalism Growing tension between national sovereignty and human rights, leading other states to intervene to protect those rights |
|
|
What is the billiard ball model? |
Realism sees states as billiard balls with sovereignty being their key property and it's key aim being power. When the billiard balls collide, sovereignty allows the states to survive. Different states have different levels of power so the billiard balls are different sizes. |
|
|
How is technology driving globalisation? |
David Harvey argued technological innovations in travel and, in particular, communications infrastructure have created space-time compression. Led to global financial markets and global administration of TNCs - created uniform popular culture |
|
|
How is culture driving globalisation? |
Culture has been homogenized by global beans, global media, NGOs and migration to create a monoculture by crushing local production, companies, arts, music, literature and crafts - monoculture based around the ideals of liberal democracy, neoliberal economics and human rights. |
|
|
How is economics driving globalisation? |
Capitalism driven by thirst for profit, to improve living standards and economic security. Development of global markets in good and services, with TNCs e.g Apple - global supply chains. Global division of labour creates economic inequality - poor raw material states and technology manufacturing wealthier nations |
|
|
How is politics driving globalisation? |
End of the Cold War has led to the spreading of neoliberal economic ideas, democratic ideals and the culture of individualism, consumerism and materialism. |
|
|
How are people and countries driving globalisation? |
Growth of migration and movement of people's across the borders of countries. E.g 41% increase in migration over the last 15 years. |
|
|
How are institutions driving globalisation? |
Growing role of international organisations such as the WTO, which forces countries to operate within its free market rules, or the EU , where decisions are made by European institutions rather than member states. |
