Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why this course?
|
1. fiction reveals sources of political power, societal more, dominant discourses on liberty, equality, justice, etc.
2. "Democracy requires active, educated people who put the feet of elected officials to the fire." -Dr. Crepaz |
|
|
dominant discourse= ?
|
pressure to conform; where people who deviate will be shunned or pushed aside
(ex. freedom of speech, Denmark Mohammed cartoons, etc.) |
|
|
Why would fiction relate to politics?
|
-Music and art connect people
-The injustices in "To Kill a Mockingbird" -We learn from the interest of the powerful through fiction -Fiction helps to explain what political prose cannot -Fiction reveals the source of political power, societal mores, dominant discourses on liberty, equality, justice, etc. |
|
|
baywatch and desperate housewives did what?
|
transmitted the values and morals of the country around the world
|
|
|
who said, "The Pen is mighter than the sword"?
|
- A. Solzhenitsyn
|
|
|
Burning books is a way of control...
|
German book burning, NY society for the Suppression of Vice (1890s supported book burning), Pinochet burned books after taking office, Family guy (atheist book burning)
|
|
|
Who said, "Where they burn books, so too in the end they will burn human beings".
|
-Henrich Hein, 1821
|
|
|
Apathy..?
|
-control people who don't care enough
|
|
|
Art as propaganda?
|
-Highlighting the virtues of the people, not their faults; strength, purity, obedience, unity, etc.
|
|
|
Art as a mobilizing agent?
|
-Music of: Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Bruce Springsteen, Bob Marley
|
|
|
Authoritarian Impulse? and who said it
|
-the pleasure of feeling power and the feeling of overpowering; the lust for power
-Friedrich Nietzsche |
|
|
Authoritarianism?
|
-a political regime in which a small group of individuals exercises power over the state without being constitutionally responsible for the well being of its citizens.
|
|
|
Which two things does the authoritarian personality need?
|
1. someone to love power (leader) and
2. subjects to receive the power (followers) |
|
|
who invented the "F" scale?
|
Theodor W. Adorno
|
|
|
Conventionalism?
|
-conformity to traditional norms
|
|
|
Authoritarian submission?
|
-passive notion towards adhering to conventional norms
|
|
|
Authoritarian aggression?
|
-punishing those who don't adhere to tradtional norms
|
|
|
Superstition?
|
-intellectuals/ intellectualism can cause a problem/ obstacle for society
(ex. Goebbels and anti-intellectualism) |
|
|
power and "toughness"?
|
-preoccupation with identifications of leader-follower, strong-weak, etc.
|
|
|
Destructivess and cynicism?
|
-generalization of hostility, vilification of humans
|
|
|
sex?
|
-exaggerated concern with sexual "goings- on"
|
|
|
Examples of Authoritarianism?
|
-Fascist Germany (Hitler),
-Fascist Italy (Mussolini), -Fascist Spain (Franco), -China -USSR -Pinochet's Chile -Mugabe's Zimbabwe -Pol Pot's Cambodia -Castro's Cuba -Kim-Jong II's North Korea, etc. |
|
|
Totalitarianism vs. Authoritarianism
|
-both try to gain 100% of power
-Authoritarian governments give more leeway to non-polical stuff (religion, unions, etc.) -Totalitarian regimes pervade every aspect of daily life |
|
|
How do you make people obey orders?? How to rule?
|
-Niccolo Machiavelli's "The Prince"
|
|
|
Is a democratic gov a contradiction?
|
votes count, but resources decide
-Was the USA not really a democracy until the 60s? the civil rights act |
|
|
Who said, "democracy means 'we the people' meaning equal opportunity to shape policy; government suggests you have to 'do something' and we have to govern- how do we get the widespread participation to actually governing?"
|
-Crepaz
|
|
|
What are the three forms of legitimacy?
|
1. Affective (the intangible legitimacy) do the ppl love you?
2. Performance legitiamacy (the people might not love you, but if you're effective in your governance and giving them what they want, you're legit...Bill Clinton in the 90s 3.Procedural (the people may not like particular laws, but agree with how they were created) |
|
|
What are sources of Authoritarianism?
|
-economic hardship,
-excessive following of "rule of law" (Apartheid), -weak, unstable institutions (Weimar constitution in Germany) -weak democracy (theocracies tend to be authoritarian), -Tribalism (traditional authority), -uneducated masses (animal farm), -Machismo culture (Caudillos), -lack of "revolutionary tradition" |
|
|
How does one maintain authoritarian power?
|
-violence,
-"bread and circuses", keep power by entertaining the ppl (Gladiator and the vast wasteland of TV) turns you into Boxer from animal farm, -Surveilance, KGB -Image of enemy (easy to use as scapegoats) -revisionist history (allows you to justify anything as an authoritarian leader) -control over discourse (Dover Test) hardly see soldiers in bodybags/coffins b/c of Vietnam -cooptation (fascist corporatism) -cult of personaliy (Mussolini) -political theatre (Nazi rallies) -propaganda ("Triumph of the Will" great movie for Nazi propaganda |
|
|
Hagiography?
|
-exaltation of a country's history, putting it in the best light possible
|
|
|
What are the two forms of ethics?
|
1. Ethics of ultimate ends: employing immoral, unjust, brutal means to achieve "good" ends; suppression of people for their own good; maintaining purity of intentions independently of consequences; this is staring into the religious and/or totalitarian abyss: "The Christian does rightly and leaves the results with the Lord".
(ex. doesn't have to be by getting shot, starve to death b/c with industrialization men are melting pots instead of working in fields). 2. Ethics of Responsibilty: irreducibility of competing values; plurality of opinions; "science cannot tell us which of the warring gods we should serve", loss of identity, "losing our ways", the curse of pluralism, leaves people adrift without values (Max Weber tried to solve this) |
|
|
What is being an American?
|
It's value based (individualism, capitalism, modernity, freedom, democracy), not nationality based
"the price of freedom is eternal vigilance" |
|
|
What is Tyranny of the Majority?
|
-the homogeneity of a majority public opinion?
-i.e., "Dominant Discourse", Nixon's 'silent majority (those not protesting Nam'-non-hippies), Majoritarianism=2 wolves and a sheep decidig what to eat for dinner |
|
|
Where did the Tyranny of the Majority originate?
|
-Plato, De Tocqueville, Madison, JS Mill Nietsche
|
|
|
What is the slippery slope?
|
Majority-->oppression-->crushing of independent thought (i.e. Wr of 1812, Lynch Mobs)
|
|
|
Who said "the whole is worth more than the sum of its parts"?
|
-Emile Durkheim (also defined anomie)
|
|
|
Who created the state?
|
-Hobbes, b/c the commons will bring ruin to us all, need consequences
|
|
|
3 major socialists?
|
1. Max Weber
2. Emile Durkheim 3. Karl Marx |
|
|
Who wanted limitations on inheritance?
|
-John Stuart Mill
|
|
|
Who said "votes count, resources decide"?
|
-G. Sartori
|
|
|
What is Jeremy Bentham's "felicific calculus"?
|
a utilitarian position of "the greatest good for the greatest number".
|
|
|
Who founded Behaviorim?
|
-B.F. Skinner
|
|
|
What is the "New Lanark"?
|
By Robert Owen, can make a profit by being nice to workers, if you change the environment, you can change the outcomes
|
|
|
Who said "behind every citizen is a graveyard"?
|
-Wolfe
|
|
|
Who said "one is not born a woman, one becomes one"?
|
-Simone de Beauvoir
|
|
|
Who said, "Remember, remember always that all of us, and you and I especially, are descended from immigrants and revolutionists"?
|
-F.D.R
|
|
|
What are Einstein's two main human drives?
|
1. private/ egotistical
2. social |
|
|
Who said, "it is not the consciousness of men that determines their being, but on the contrary, their social being that determines their consciousness"?
|
-Karl Marx
|
|
|
What is dialectical materialism?
|
-by Marx, "the way you think determines how you live".
|
|
|
Which region is the least trusting?
|
-the south
|
|
|
Who coined the "work-to-spend" cycle?
|
-Barry Schwartz
|
|
|
Who said "Give me liberty or give me death"?
|
-Patrick Henry
|
|
|
Who said "At last I perceive that in revolutions the supreme power rests wit the most abandoned"?
|
-Georges Jacques Danton (immiseration)
|
|
|
When and what is the French Independence Day?
|
-July 14th, Bastille Day
|
|
|
What ended feudalism?
|
-The French Revolution
|
|
|
Who said" grub first, then ethics"?
|
-Bertolt Brecht
|
|
|
Who said "None are more hopelessly enslaved than those who falsely believe they are free".
|
-Goethe
|
|
|
What does it take to rebel?
|
1. political consciousness
2. education 3. sacrifice 4. guts 5. charisma 6. networking |
|
|
What is the Madison Federalist #51?
|
-the solutions to the problem of 'Tyranny of the Majority'
1. separation of power 2. basic human rights (Bill of Rights) 3. Education 4. For the USA ('the union') |
|
|
What is 'Utilitarianism'?
|
-the greatest good for the greatest number of people, except minorities usally get shafted
|
|
|
Who is Karl Popper?
|
-created piecmeal social enginneering: making small changes to see effects
|
|
|
What was Plato's ideal society made up of?
|
-by an elite of philosopher kings, b/c democracy=mob rule
|
|
|
Communism wants to what?
|
-abolish class
|
|
|
What is operant conditioning?
|
-changing behavior through rewards and reinforcement
|
|
|
What is social enginneering?
|
-the deliberate shaping of peoples' attitudes and behaviors through techological, cultural, and psychological means.
|
|
|
Karl Pipper has to do with what?
|
-eugenics
|
|
|
What is the first building block on which to construct a nation?
|
blood (i.e. ethnicity)
|
|
|
What is primordialism?
|
-the idea that a supposedly unchanging essence is shared by all people of a certain race, which unites them
|
|
|
Is the USA built on primordial principles?
|
-No, it was built on creedal pinciples
|
|
|
Who said "Property is theft"?
|
-P.J. Proudon
|
|
|
What does Einstein believe to be evil in contemporary societies?
|
-market economies
|
|
|
Who talks about social rights becoming as important as property rights?
|
-Esping-Anderson
|
