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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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queer theory |
-analysis of society and sexuality from the point of view of sexual minorities -Foucault Father of this theory |
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the repressive hypothesis |
-onset of capitalism led to increasing sexual repression in service of new work ethic -against this hypothesis -instead: linked sexuality to power (not economy)-rejected: speaking about/resisting sexual oppression is important to get political liberation-i.e. “make love, not war” |
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power
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-objection that: power is always and only negative -opposed by speaking truth about it -people accept power is that it is hidden inside what is seen as truth -(compare to Weber and Gramsci ideas on power) |
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discourse |
-languages at work in our lives -(religious institutions, laws, education, advertising) -contain hidden systems of thought, beliefs, relations of power |
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bio-power |
-political tech -promoting well-being of citizens by states -governing/exercising power through promoting social well-being -discipline the population -i.e. Public schools (skills + knowledge, train us to attend regularly/on time, way we sit in class etc.) -creating docile and productive bodies (Accept work) |
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3 stages of political thought |
-first: ancient greek/christian thinking. Aimed at achieving good/fair society -second: The Prince. Aimed at how to maintain/increase power while ruling from above -bio-power/bio-politics |
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bio-politics |
-method of governing which fosters life/disciplines its population -found in manuals of administrators (i.e. police) -state, aimed to increase power/efficiency via discipline bodies of its people |
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Marx’s theory of surplus value |
-value produced by work of the proletariat -not paid for by employer -applied to politics: way states see inhabitants as people who posses surplus strength |
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Foucault’s theory of surplus strength |
-harnessed for state purposes -makes individual a resource that the state can exploit -comes out of Marx’s theory of surplus value |
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Miscegenation |
-campaigns against racial mixing -anti-miscegenation -racism in West (Example of) -how control/power over body become connected to sex -interest in discourses over body/sexuality |
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Genealogy |
-history of the present, explanation of where our ideas/practices come from -i.e. Examining changing techniques of power which history reveals -larger western ideas of discipline |
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Punishment (example of genealogy) |
-(looking at history development to explain today) -torture as a weapon of the king -recommendations of the humanist reforms -development of modern prison (prisoners’ bodies and souls, focused on behavior modification, supervise and discipline the body) |
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Torture as a weapon of the king |
-premodern punishment -law expressed will of kin: breaking law affront against king-revenge, reflect king’s strength/power-final step in secret procedure -torture: configuration of power, truth, bodies -an audience needs to watch (power needs resistance to display itself) |
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social contract |
-society as a group of individuals who maintain a an arrangement with each other -crime no longer attach on king = break in contract -victim = society -all parties in s.c. share humanity -restore criminal as useful member of society -punishment reflect crime; compensate society (legal codes) -convicts working for public (power over bodies) |
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Hierarchical observation |
-everyone is observed by someone of superior rank |
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Normalizing judgement |
-observer categorizes those observed as normal, superior, or substandard |
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Optics of power |
-dynamics of hierarchical observation within disciplinary space |
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Micropenalties |
-small punishments for minor infractions |
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Dossier |
-(physical, psychiatric, educational) brings together hierarchical observation and normalizing judgement to produce a detailed report/evaluation of an individual -files: contain results of observations/judgements on individal -small details of individual’s life visible -biography -shapes modern individual |
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Hysterization of women’s bodies |
-woman’s bodies seen as potentially dangerous sexuality -needed to be researched/understood |
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Pedagogization of children’s sex |
-unity in effort to eliminate masturbation -idea children have a sexuality that is dangerous/needs to be controlled -(amount of people/resources used to try and stop this) |
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Socialization of procreative behavior |
-psychiatrists developed sexual science |
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sodomites/homosexuals |
-men who had sex with men -normal men who indulged sinful behaviour -19c this became homosexuals who were completely different/pathological people |
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Technologies of the self |
-strategies through individuals can know/improve themselves -the 4 strategies linked power/pleasure -sexual problems invisible: people had to confess to them |
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Ars erotica |
-”erotic art” where truth comes from pleasure-practice brings experience-pleasure (not linked with individual self)-west: sex seen through science |
