Political Science

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rationalism

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the believe that the world couldbe understood by human reasoning

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pragmatism

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a theory or pactice that places primary emphasis on practical circumstances and goals

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meta ideology

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a higher or second order ideology that lays down the ground on which ideoligical idea can take place

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progress

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movng forward, the belief that history is characterized by human advancement based on accumalation knowledge and wisdom

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meritocracy

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rule by talent, the principle that rewards and positions should be distrubeted by the basis of abity

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atominish

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the belief that society is made up of a collection of largely self suffiecient individuals who owe little or nothing to one another

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economic liberalism

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self regulating mechanism tending naturally to deliver general prosperity and opportunities for all

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big government

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interventionalist government to imply economic management and social regulation

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redistrubution

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a narrowing of material inequalities brought about through a combination of progressive taxation and welfare provision

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ancien regime

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usually linked with the absolusist structures that predated the french revolution

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paternalism

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attitude or policy that dmonstrates care or concern for those unable to help themselves

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nobless oblige

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the responsibility to protect or to guide those less fortunate or privalaged

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toryism

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a ideological stance within conservatismcharacterized by a belief in hierachy, an emphasis on tradition and support for duty and organization

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natural aristocracy

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the idea that talent and leadership are imbred qualities that cannot be acquired through effort or self advancement

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christian democray

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ideologial tendency within european conservatism, characterized by commitment to social market principles and qualified interventionalism

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nanny state

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state with extensive social responsibilities, welfare program are unwarrented and demeaning to the individual

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permissiveness

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the willingness to allow people to make their own moralchoices, no authorit

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revisionism

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modification or original or establieshed beliefs, abandoment of principle or a loss of conviction

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lninism

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lenins theoretical contributions to marxism, notably his beliefe in need for a vangaurd party to raise the proletariat to class consciousness

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stalinism

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the structures of stalin ussr, especially a centrally placed econom linked tp systematic and brutal political oppression

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dialect materialism

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the crude and deterministic form of marxism thta dominated intellectual life in orthodox communist states

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historical materilism

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maxist theory that economic conditions ultimately scructure law politics culture and other aspects of social existence

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dictatorship of the proletariat

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tempory proletarian state, established to preventcounterrevolution and oversee the transition from capitalism to communism

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perostroika

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a slogan that refer to the attemt to liberalize and democrative the soviet system within a communist framework

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fundamentalist socialism

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a form of socialism that seeks to abolish capitalism and replace it with a qualitive different kind of society

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anarcho capitalism

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an anarcgist tradition which holds that unregulated market competition can and should be applied to all social arrangements making the state unnecessary

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liberal feminism

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femenist tradidition hose core goal is equal acess for women to the public realm based on a belief of genderless personhood

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socialist feminism

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a feminist tradition that seeks to restructure economiclife to achieve gender equality based in links between patriachy and capitalsim

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radical feminist

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feminist tradition that aims to overthrow patriarchy througha radical transformation of all spheres of life but especially the personaled

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antrhropocentrism

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the belief that human needs and interest are of overriding moral philosopical importance

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holism

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the whole is more important than its parts, implying that understanding is gained only by studying relationships among its parts

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world government

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the idea of all human kind united under one common political authority whether a unitary world state with supranational authority or a federal bodythat shares sovereignty with nation states

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non aligned movement

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organiztion of countries founded in Belgrade in 1961 that sought to avoid formal political and economic affiliation with either the capitalist west or the communist east

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jihad

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conventionally translated as holy war but more correctly as holy struggle or effort: intense all consuming devotion to islamic gods

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asian values

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values that supposedly reflect the history culture and religious backgrounds of asian societies, examples include social harmony respect for authority and belief in the family

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dualism

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the belief that reality consists of two basic principles often taken to be mind and matter but it me extend to other dualities