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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Theory
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Simply a way of knowing things and, ideally, of predicting things
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Descriptive Answer
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Examines the immediate, short-term events and decisions that led to an outcome
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Theoretical Answer
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Seeks more general explanations and longer-term, more indirect causes
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3 Theoretical Approaches
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Realism, Neoliberalism, Constructivism
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Realism
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Explains international relations mainly in terms of power politics
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Neoliberalism
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Emphasizes system's structure; based on econ, cooperation through trade
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Constructivism
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States act in accordance with international norms and identities
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2 wings of Realism
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Offensive (seeking power) and Defensive (seeking security)
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The Nation State
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A sovereign, territorial entity controlled by a gov; rational actor; highest authority
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Non-State Actors
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operate either below the state level or across state borders
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Examples of non-state actors
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MNCs, IOs, NGOs, IGOs, trans-state actors
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Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
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coprorations that span state boundaries, auto/tobacco industries
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Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
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Include Red Cross, Doctors Without Frontiers
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Inter-Governmental Organizations (IGOs)
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Include the EU, AU, NATO, WTO, NAFTA
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Trans-State Actors
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Includes Al-Qaeda
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International Organizations (IOs)
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Broad category, includes MNCs, IGOs, NGOs, trans-state actors
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4 Levels of Analysis
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Individual, Domestic (governments), Interstate (intl system), global
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3 state "power" levels
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Great powers, middle powers, and lower powers
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GDP
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Common metric for measuring economic power; the size of a state's total annual economic activity
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Measuring Power
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Common metric is size/capability of military
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Studying Geography
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Study a country's relation to the equator, neighbors, access to water, & size
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Geographic "rule" in IR
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Geographic contguity makes war more likely
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World's Geographic Regions
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9 world regions, north-south gap
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Thirty Years' War
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1618-1648, emergence of nation state as an actor, ended with Treaty of Westphalia
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Treaty of Westphalia, 1648
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established principles of independent, sovereign states; began current intl system
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Napoleaonic Wars
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emergence of "total war" & mobilization of society; creation of european balance
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WWI and WWII
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1914-1945, collapse of the old european order & shift to U.S. power
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The Cold War
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1945-1990, emergence of the U.S. as a sole "superpower"
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Polarity
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the number of players in the international system
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Bipolarity
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Balance of 2 players in the intl system; the U.S. and USSR during the Cold War
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Multipolar System
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Usually 5 or 6 centers of power, each relatively equal, may form a coalition
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IR strategies
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containment, deterrence, compellence
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stocks vs. flows
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stocks include industrial goods, finished/consumer products, etc.; flows involve foreign direct investment, currency exchange, etc.
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international integration
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process of global institutions replacing national institutions, involves upward shift of sovereignty
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world governments
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limited examples, EU, WTO, NAFTA; each can contain the decision-making freedom of member states
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regionalism
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institutionalized cooperation within a geographic area
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inter-governmentalism
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cooperation between states in common institutions
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supra-nationalism
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institutions that transcend states with independent decision-making power
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integration
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creation of a new political identity
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functionalism
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growth of specialized technical organizations that cross national borders; this will lead to more and more
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