Political Culture And Behavior: Definitions

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political culture

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the traditional orientation of the citizens of a nation toward politics, affecting their perceptions of political legitimacy

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ideology

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a manner or the content of thinking characteristic of an individual, group, or culture

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political efficacy(internal)

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the belief that one can understand politics and that one can participate in politics

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political efficacy(external)

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the belief that one is effective when participating in politics, for example that the government will respond to one's demands

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the American Creed

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summary of the fundamental principles of the American political faith as set forth in its greatest documents, its worthiest traditions, and its greatest leaders--
"I believe in the United States of America as a Government of the people by the people, for the people, whose just powers are derived from the consent of the governed; a democracy in a Republic; a sovereign Nation of many sovereign States; a perfect Union, one and inseparable; established upon those principles of freedom, equality, justice, and humanity for which American patriots sacrificed their lives and fortunes.
I therefore believe it is my duty to my Country to love it; to support its Constitution; to obey its laws; to respect its flag, and to defend it againest all enemies."

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Alexis DeTocqueville

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Archimedean point- America has 'equality of condition'
He believed that other parts of the world had natural aristocracy that has been there for centuries. However America, which has a 'lack- of - aristocracy' gives sense that you're a someone, and you have a say.

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Bowling Alone

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Robert Putnam's belief how we have become increasingly disconnected from family, friends, neighbors, and our democratic structures.

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focus groups

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a form of qualitative research in which a group of people are asked about their attitude towards a product, service, concept, advertisement, idea, or packaging

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scientitic polls

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1.The casting and registering of votes in an election where there is little or no margin of error

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random sample

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one chosen by a method involving an unpredictable component, or taking a number of independent observations from the same probability distribution, without involving any real population

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haphazard sample

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A group that is selected without regard for any rigorous method of sampling, without using either a random allocation procedure or a systematic nonrandom sampling method.ex: such as every tenth name in a telephone directory

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quota sampling

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selection of the sample is made by the interviewer, who has been given quotas to fill from specified sub-groups of the population.

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saliency

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is its state or quality of standing out relative to neighboring items

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valence issue

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An issue that is uniformly liked or disliked among the electorate, as opposed to a position issue on which opinion is divided

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intensity

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extreme degree of strength, force, energy, or feeling

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stability

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the strength to stand or endure

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distribution

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the position, arrangement, or frequency of occurrence (as of the members of a group) over an area or throughout a space or unit of time

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cleavages

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spilts among people even with smiliar families, interests, beliefs etc.

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cross-cutting cleavages

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factors in society which cause division (such as race, political, religious divisions etc) in such a way that no group created by one "cleavage" is wholly contained within a group created by another

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party identification

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a voter's underlying allegiance to a political party.

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limousine liberal

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illustrate perceived hypocrisy by a political liberal of upper class or upper middle class status, such as calling for the use of mass transit while frequently using limousines or private jets

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gender gap

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systematic differences in the outcomes that men and women achieve in the labor market

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push polling

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technique in which an individual or organization attempts to influence or alter the view of respondents under the guise of conducting a poll. In a push poll, large numbers of respondents are contacted, and little or no effort is made to collect and analyze response data

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bandwagon effect

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observation that people often do and believe things because many other people do and believe the same things

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New Deal Coalition

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the alignment of interest groups and voting blocs that supported the New Deal and voted for Democratic presidential candidates from 1932 until approximately 1968

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Middle America

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a region in the mid-latitudes of the Americas. In southern North America, it usually comprises Mexico, the nations of Central America, and the West Indies

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Silent Majority

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an unspecified large majority of people in a country or group who do not express their opinions publicly

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Motor-voter Law

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law that enables prospective voters to register when they obtain or renew a driver's license

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political polarization

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the process by which the public opinion divides and goes to the extremes