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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do interest groups promote civic participation?
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Allow people to act collectively, increase individual activity, community involvement, alternative for people who don't want a two party system.
(All of the above) |
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What are types of direct political participation?
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Voting, protesting, volunteering for a campaign and running for office
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Define the role of political action committees(PAC)
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Formed by interest groups to raise money to influence elections.
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Whats the incumbent advantage?
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90% of incumbents win, most PAC funding goes to incumbents
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Types of interest groups with examples
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Single issue; agriculture(farm bureau)
Social; women(NOW) Protest; green peace |
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Who are over-represented?
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White people, well educated people and upper middle class
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Define free rider
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Someone who benefits from actions of interest groups without being an active member
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How do lobbies(interest groups) access and influence legislators, public, the courts?
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Legislature is influenced by face to face meetings, providing legislator information(Cant lie without losing credibility), direct lobbying, hosting special events. The public can be influenced by grass root mobilization(getting the community involved). Courts can be influenced by "friends of the court" briefs that are written arguments about the issue at hand.
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Define iron triangle
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Interaction and alignment of interest groups, bureaucrats and legislators.
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Indirect vs. direct lobbying
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Indirect- through public (interest groups make the Commercial or grass root)
Direct-to the legislator directly(face to face) |
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define political parties
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Organizations that nominate and elect its members to office
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Who has access to political parties?
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Everyone
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Who runs campaigns? What about negativism?
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-Paid campaign consultants
-Over the years, campaigns have become negative |
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Why do minor parties form?
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To promote ideas and advance social movements
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Types of minor parties
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Ideological(libertarians), single issue(green party), splinter(progressive) and protest(populist)
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Goals/views/priorities of democratic and republican parties
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Democrats- get a candidate elected that favor pro choice, equal rights, and environmental issues.
Republicans- elect candidates that are pro life, and they believe there should be a larger role for state government |
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Define divided government
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When you have different parties that control different parts of branches
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Define realignment
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Shift in party systems
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Type of party system in the US
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Two party
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Define proportional representation vs. winner take all
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Proportional representation awards legislative seats equal to percent of votes a party receives.
Winner take all awards seats to a winner with the most votes in that city-state district |
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How is the president chosen?
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Electoral college, requiring 270 out of 538. Not by popular vote
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When do general elections occur?
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November
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15th, 19th and 26th amendments
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15th- black men can vote
19th- women can vote 26th- 18 year olds can vote |
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Federal requirements for being elected
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Citizenship, residency and age requirement
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Why don't people vote?
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Satisfaction, turned off, social mobility, rational calculation (conscious choice not to vote)
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What is the role of media in politics?
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TV is the most important source for politics. Media provides political events, access of forum for political discussion, socializes us and sets the agenda.
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Explain the politics of media
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Based on economic interests and guided by professional environment
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Liberal media?
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Media is liberal. 60% of executives identify as liberal side of republicans
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Why sensationalism?
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For economic interest
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What is the digital divide?
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Not everyone has a computer or an equal amount of knowledge
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Which media outlets are regulated by the federal government?
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Newspapers, magazines, radio and TV
(internet is not regulated) |
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Which type of media was the first to provide an outlet for political opinion?
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Print media
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Define political socialization
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Process in which individuals acquire opinions
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Explain the factors of socialization in order
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1.family
2.school 3.church 4.generation 5.media |
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public opinion
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Sum of individuals opinions on a matter of interest
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What were the early voting requirements?
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White, male, property and religion depending on state
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The 2000 election
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Bush vs. Gore; Bush won the electoral vote and popular vote in Texas and Florida. Gore won the national vote but not the presidency
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Who controls the process of voting?
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State, including the scheduling of primary elections.
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Percentages of voting
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Only 50% vote for presidential elections and 33% vote for congress.
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