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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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History
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Distant history unknown
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Epidemiology (Stats)
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nearly eradicated in US
worldwide: 2,000 in 2005; rising again |
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Epidemiology (Who and Where)
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strikes children predominantly
Nigeria, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan currently |
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Epidemiology (Forms)
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mild form – flu-like symptoms
severe form – paralytic; esp. spine, shoulders, hips, knees, feet; painful |
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Post Polio Syndrome (PPS)
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recently diagnosed as re-occurrence of some polio symptoms/signs in 25-50% of patients; progressive muscle deterioration
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Etiology
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Poliovirus
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Poliovirus
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small RNA virus -attacks anterior horn of spinal cord – affects motor nerves
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Transmission
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fecal-oral route -present in water, vehicles; swimming pools, food, hands, fomites contaminated with feces
virus is non-enveloped – more resistant to acid, harsh chemical environments; makes transmission easier |
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Pathogenesis
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Ingested viruses adhere to throat, GI tract lining, infect cells there; multiply, esp. in
tonsils, lymph nodes; viruses shed intro throat, digestive tract, feces; leak into blood and travel to central nervous system, usually attacks ant.(motor) horn of spinal cord. |
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Treatment of infection:
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TLC, pain relief, PT to reduce muscle weakness
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Prophylaxis
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vaccine now only IPV is recommended, as complications may arise from OPV in immune-compromised patients
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