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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Optimists
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- Idealist philosophy
- Liberal internationalism - More Australian influence on global governance |
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Realists
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- Power politics
- Alliance-based diplomacy - Side w/ Western powers (UK, USA) |
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Australian Liberal Party (ALP)
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- Favors independence over dependence
- Greater regional focus - Internationalist approach to disputes - Peaceful negotiations favored over military action - National self-determination - Democratic approach to FP |
Democrats
6 pillars |
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Coalition
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- Greater dependence on Western allies
- Stronger imperialist focus - Greater alliance orientation - Power-based orientation |
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Menzies & Vietnam
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- Nov. 1964: Menzies introduces conscription
- Watershed moment in Aussie politics - Some felt Australia should have pointed out 'Nam was basically unwinnable |
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Hawke & US
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- Once elected PM, visited US immediately in '83
- Emphasized relationship w/ G+PF - 1985: NZ refused nuclear ships to dock - Hawke declares Oz has no objection - Dedicates troops to Iraq I |
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ANZUS
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- Fathered by Percy Spender
- Did it to please the US and guarantee protection for Oz during Korean War - Treaty came at the right time for Oz, which had few resources and was underpopulated |
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Woolcott & ANZUS
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"interests determine US fp, not friendships... ANZUS is not a blank cheque"
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Latham & ANZUS
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"...is a funnel that draws us into unnecessary wars"
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Foreign policy
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- Government action in the international arena
- Positions gov'ts adopt on int'l treaties/issues, treaties, trade, diplomacy, etc. |
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Who is responsible for crafting fp
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- Commonwealth gov't
- Cabinet - PM's power is 'near absolute' |
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Forward Defense
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- Coalition's preferred position
- Offensive defense that demands any action taken be in conjunction of G+PF/alliance |
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Defense of Australia
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- 'Continental defense'
- Protect continental + maritime approaches - emphasizes Navy and Air Force, w/ less focus on a ground force |
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Dibb Report
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- '86
- Limited distant engagements - Limited alliance obligations - Focus on northern threats - Hawke wasn't a big fan of DOA |
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Howard's Defense White Paper
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- '00
- 5 objectives 1. Protect Oz and cover direct approaches 2. Focus on security of international neighborhood 3. Promote stability in SE Asia 4. Maintain Asia/Pacific stability 5. Contribute to UN security efforts |
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Kevin Rudd's Defence Approach
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- More flexibly armed forces
- B/c SE Asia/Pacific will become more prosperous/wealthy, Oz needs enhanced tactical capabilities - '09 White Paper: focus on a dual policy that integrates both DOA and Fwd D |
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Early Approach to Refugees
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- Concerned about security, working standards, and racial homogeneity
- White Oz gradually eroded post-WWII - Aussie gov't supported Euro migrations schemes and multiculturalism |
gov't concerns?
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Populate or Perish
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- Oz needed to expand industrial base
- Dependent on agricultural commodities - Needed people for defense - Moral claim to continent |
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Refugees: Post-War Consensus...
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Refugee admitted if:
1. Contribute to state's economic. demographic, and fp goals 2. Didn't challenge Oz's ID as European nation 3. Controlled entry |
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Subliminal fear:
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- People washing up on the shores in boats in the north
- Fraser gov't allowed 50,000 visas/year - Acted as a challenge to Eurocentric approach |
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Refugee policy under Hawke...
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- Mandatory detention if found sans visa
- Breach of several UN conventions - However, detention system relayed the message those who reached Aussie shores would be sent back |
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Hanson
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"If I can invite whom I want into my home, then I should have the right to have a say who comes into my country."
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'Kind to be cruel'
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- A tough policy will deter possibly migrants from taking the dangerous trip in the first place
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Refugees: Impartial view
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- Focuses on the claims of refugees as human being
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Refugees: Partial view
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- Focuses on the complaints of citizens and their right to self-determination
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ALP Trade Platform
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- Growth and job security depend on being able to sell the world value-added goods and services in conjunction w/ fp strategies to obtain better access to markets
- pursue trade liberalization - gov'ts should ensure markets are open and free w/o gov't oversight |
3 points
job security... |
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Trade & Whitlam
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- '73
- Introduced 25% tariff cut - Price drop in imported goods |
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Hawke/Keating & Trade
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- Floated Aussie dollar
- Intro'd further cuts in '88 - Unilateral cuts boost growth - Another major cut in '91 |
dollar?
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Labour's Trade Approach
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- Commitment to trade lib
- Multilateral approach - Joined w/ Asia - Trade links spread peace |
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Open Regionalism
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- Gov't engaged in building regional architecture
- Committed to systems that enhance+build on multilateral system - Must be comprehensive |
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Doha
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- Site of WTO trade debates
- Located in UAE |
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multilateralism
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- involving many gov'ts or economic actors
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