Poetry

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A figure of speech that uses the words like, as, than, or resembles to compare things that seem to have little or nothing in common

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Simile

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A figure of speech in which a term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance. Something is something else

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Metaphor

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Attributing human qualities to a nonhuman thing or to and abstract idea

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Personification

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The use of an often ordinary object, event, animal, or person to which extraordinary meaning and significance have been attached

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Symbolism

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Names something we can see, smell, taste, touch, or hear

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Imagery

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A line or group of lines that is repeated throughout a poem, usually after every stanza

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Refrain

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A strict rhythmic pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in each line

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Meter

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A loose kind of rhythm in which the sounds of long phrases are balanced against the sounds of short phrases

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Free Verse

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A rhyme that occurs at the ends of lines

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End rhyme

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A rhyme that occurs within a line

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Internal rhyme

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Occurs when the repetition of sound is similar but not exact

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Approximate rhyme

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The repetition of the same or similar sounds at the beginning of words

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Alliteration

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The use or words that sound like what they mean

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Onomatopoeia

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The attitude of the writer or the speaker toward the subject of the poem or toward the crowd

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Tone

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The repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds in words that are close together

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Assonance

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Similarity or repetition of terminal consonants in two or more syllables, words, or lines

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Consonance

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The meaning, association, or emotion that a word suggests

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Connotation

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The literal, dictionary definition of the word

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Denotation

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Two consecutive lines in poetry that rhyme

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Couplet

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Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter

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Blank verse

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A song or song-like poem that tells a story

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Ballad

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A line of poetry that has five metrical feet.

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pentameter

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A line of poetry that has four metrical feet.

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tetrameter

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A line of poetry made up of a certain number of metric feet

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Other “meters”

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A contrast between expectation and reality

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Irony

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When a speaker says one thing but means the opposite

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Verbal irony

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When what actually happens is the opposite of what is expected or appropriate

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Situational Irony

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When the reader or the audience knows something important that a character does not know

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Dramatic Irony

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The central idea or insight or a work of literature

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Theme

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The arrangement of rhymes in a poem or stanza

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Rhyme Scheme

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Metrical feet consisting of one unaccented syllable followed by one accented syllable

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Iambic

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Metrical feet consisting of one accented syllable followed by one unaccented syllable

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Trochaic

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Metrical feet consisting of two unaccented syllables followed by one accented syllable

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Anapestic

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Metrical feet consisting of one accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables

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Dactylic

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Harsh or unharmonious use of language as opposed to euphony

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Cacophony

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Agreeable sound, especially in the phonetic quality of words

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Euphony

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Resembling a drama in emotional content or progression

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Dramatic

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A stanza or poem of four lines

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Quatrain

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An instance of repeating or being repeated

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Repetition

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The analysis of verse into metrical patterns

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Scansion

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Using language that is distinct phonetically

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Phonetic intensive

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A seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true

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Paradox

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Writing that tells a story or relates a series of events

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Narrative

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A shorts poem in which the poet expresses an emotion or records a meditation or sensation rather than telling a story

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Lyric

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A literary, dramatic, or pictorial device in which each literal character, object and event represents a symbol illustrating and idea or moral or religious principle

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Allegory

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A false rhyme consisting or words, such as lint and pint, with similar spellings but different sounds

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Eye Rhyme

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An exaggeration or extravagant statement used as a figure of speech

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Hyperbole

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A disclosure or statement that is less then complete or intentional lack of emphasis in expression, as in irony

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Understatement

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14 lines of iambic pentameter

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Sonnet