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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The part of a structure (as an arch or a bridge) that directly receives thrust or pressure.
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Abutment
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a bridge that uses long span arches for support
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Arch Bridge
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A bridge whose main structural element consists of a beam set across two or more vertical supporting members.
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Beam Bridge
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A bridge in which the deck is supported on either side of a central tower or towers by cables.
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Cable-stayed Bridge
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The effect of a force which tends to shorten an object in the direction of the force.
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Compression
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A state of balance due to the equal action of opposing forces in a structure.
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Equilibrium
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A push or pull exerted by one object on another.
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Force
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A sketch of an object (body) of interest with all the surrounding objects stripped away and all of the forces acting on the object (body) shown.
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Free Body Diagram
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A force that opposes the motion or intended motion of a body in contact with another body.
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Friction
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Motion that is on the verge of occurring, but not yet present.
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Impending Motion
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The quantity of matter, which a material contains.
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Mass
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: The tendency to rotate about a point determined by the product of a force multiplied by the distance from this force to this point.
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Moments
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Objects at rest tend to stay at rest, and objects in motion tend to stay in motion at a constant speed in a straight line unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
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Newton’s First Law
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The net force acting on an object in a given direction is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration of the object in the same direction as the net force.
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Newton’s Second Law
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: The force of one object (object 1) acting on another object (object 2) is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of the second object acting upon the first.
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Newton’s Third Law
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A quantity that can be described by magnitude only; answers the question “how much?” Examples: mass, time.
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Scalar Quantity
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a bridge having a road or deck hung from a pair of steel cables, each carried by two towers, one at each bank.
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Suspension Bridge
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A situation in which force is applied to an object that stretches, expands or lengthens the object.
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Tension
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A quantity that must be described by both magnitude and direction; answers the questions “how much?” and “which way?” Examples: velocity, Force.
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Vector Quantity
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The gravitational pull (force) on an object.
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Weight
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Failure caused by bending, giving way, or crumpling due to excessive force.
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Buckling
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An indication of the stiffness of a particular shape. The higher the moment of inertia, the less the deflection.
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Moment of inertia
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The slope of the line in the linear elastic region created by the stress on the object divided by the strain.
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Modulus of Elasticity
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A situation in which force is applied to an object that stretches, expands or lengthens the object
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Tension
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A material’s internal resistance to force; symbol: , “sigma”; calculated by dividing the force in the material by the area of the material that is subjected to the force.
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Stress
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The elongation of a material under stress divided by the material’s length prior to stress.
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Strain
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Force that acts parallel to the surface of the material.
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Shear
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Reactions are passive forces that are induced at the supports of a structure.
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Reaction
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A measure of deformation of a structure due to applied loads.
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Deflection
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The effect of a force which tends to shorten an object in the direction of the force.
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Compression
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A point whose coordinates are the averages of the corresponding coordinates of a given set of points and which for a given plane or three-dimensional figure.
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Centroid
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