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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin
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500-875 mg bid
penicillin = a blactamase inhibitor PO Animal & bite wounds, less severe diabetic foot infections that can be treated on outpatient basis, skin & soft tissue infections w/mixed flora, subcutaneous abcess, Enterococcus Renal dosing Clavulanic acid is always 125 mg Take w/food/water to prevent gastrointestinal effects |
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Piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn)
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3.375-4.5 g q 4-6 h
IV Diabetic foot infections, empiric therapy for aerobic & anaerobic infections, bite wounds Covers Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus Renal dosing |
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Cefazolin (Ancef)
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1-2 g q 8 h
IM/IV Surgical prophylaxis, skin infections, traumatic wounds, Staphyloccus, Streptococcus Renal dosing |
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Cephalexin (Keflex)
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250-500 bid-qid
PO Skin & skin structure infections, G+ infections Renal dosing |
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Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
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400 mg q 12 h, 500-700 mg bid
IV, PO G- organisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa; osteomyelitis (G-); can be used in synergy with clindamycin for diabetic foot infections Renal dosing |
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Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
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500-750 mg q 24 h
PO/IV Better G+ coverage than ciprofloxacin, complicated skin & skin structure infections Renal dosing |
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Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
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1-2 g q 12-24 h
IM/IV Gonococcal infections; bacteria septicemia; bone, joint and skin & skin structure infections Biliary excretion Good drug for renal-impaired patients |
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Aminoglycosides
Gentamicin |
5-7 mg/kg q 24 h
IV G- infections; used in antibiotic beads; used in synergy with B (beta)-lactams for G+ infections (1 mg/kg IV q 8 h); skin, bone & soft tissue infections; burns Renal dosing |
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Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
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80/400-160/800 mg bid
PO MRSA; can be used in synergy w/rifampin; used in penicillin-allergic patients; G-; staphylococcal infections; osteomyelitis Needs renal dosing 160 mg trimethoprim/800 mg sulfamethoxazole |
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Erythromycin
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250-500 mg qid
PO Can be used in penicillin-allergic patients for streptococcal infections, skin & skin structure infections, cat-scratch disease Drug tends to stay in body for up to 10 d |
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Tetracycline
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250-500 mg qid
PO Madura foot; Lyme disease; can be used in penicillin-allergic patients for staphylococcal & streptococcal infections; Clostridium tetani; MRSA Take on empty stomach Can cause photosensitivity reaction Aluminum, calcium, magnsium & iron can impair absorption |
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Doxycycline
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100 mg q 12 h
PO/IV MRSA; Lyme disease; can be used in penicillin-allergic patients for staphylococcal & streptococcal infections Aluminum, calcium, magnsium & iron can impair absorption |
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Linezolid (Zyvox)
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600 mg q 12 h
PO/IV MRSA; VRE; Enterococcus Need weekly CBC, caution with SSRIs |
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Vancomycin (Vancocin)
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1 g q 12 h
frontline against MRSA IV MRSA, MRSE, bone & joint infections, septicemia, surgical prophylaxis in penicillin-allergic patients & when using implants Renal dosing IV form needs to be infused over 60 min to prevent "red man" syndrome |
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Metronidazole (Flagyl)
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500 mg q 6 h
250-500 mg tid IV, PO Anaerobic infections (almost all G- organisms), skin & skin structure infections, septicemia, bone & joint infections Renal dosing Has antiabuse effects with alcohol |
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Clindamycin (Cleocin)
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300-900 mg q 8 h
150-450 mg tid PO/IV PO Penicillin- and cephalosporin- allergic patients, anaerobic infections, osteomyelitis, septicemia, skin & soft tissue infections, surgical prophylaxis, diabetic ulcers Hepatic dosing Need to take oral form w/full glass of water Associated w/Clostridium difficile colitis |
