Pns/paes Postharvest (211-220)

Front 1

aspirator

Back 1

cleaner that uses air to separate lower density material from the corn kernels/corn grits such as floured corn, germ and bran

Front 2

bulk density

Back 2

ratio of the weight (kg) of the corn kernels, to its volume (m3)

Front 3

degerminated corn kernels

Back 3

shelled corn kernels where the germ and pericarp have been removed

Front 4

feed rate

Back 4

weight of the corn kernels fed into the corn mill per unit of time

Front 5

laboratory sieve shaker

Back 5

equipment with definite shaking motion used to sort the size of the milled materials using standard screen sieves

Front 6

sifter

oscillating screen

Back 6

wire mesh or perforated metal sheet, moving in back-and-forth direction, permitting smaller particles to fall through the openings and larger particles to remain on top

Front 7

5 cm

Back 7

The noise level emitted by the machine shall be measured using a noise level meter at the location of the operators and baggers. The noise shall be taken approximately _____ away from the ear level of the operators and baggers.

Front 8

tachometer

Back 8

The speed of the rotating shafts of the major components of the corn mill shall be taken using a _____.

Front 9

actual field capacity

Back 9

actual rate of reaping the rice crop in a given area per unit of time

Front 10

conveying loss

Back 10

grains that fall with the cut stalks during delivery and release at the side of the reaper during operation

Front 11

field efficiency

Back 11

ratio of the actual field capacity and theoretical field capacity, expressed in percent

Front 12

header loss

shattering loss

Back 12

grains that have fallen to the ground due to the machine’s cutting operation

Front 13

journal bearing

Back 13

bearing that is used to reduce the friction in supported radial loads

Front 14

reciprocating cutter knife

Back 14

cutting mechanism consisting of fixed lower knife and reciprocating upper knife wherein its movement is controlled by the crank connected to the gear box or belt drive

Front 15

rice reaper

Back 15

machine that cuts and lays stalks of rice crop uniformly on one side

Front 16

rotary knife

Back 16

cutting mechanism consisting of planetary type circular saw-toothed blade which rotates at the same time with the pick-up triangular frame

Front 17

shear pin

Back 17

pin designed to shear in case of mechanical overload during operation to prevent damage to major parts

Front 18

theoretical field capacity

Back 18

computed rate of reaping paddy in a given area per unit of time

Front 19

3.5 hp (2.6 kW) ; 1.2 m ; 5 hp (3.7 kW) ; 1.2 m

Back 19

The rice reaper shall be operated using a minimum of _____ engine for a cutter bar cutting mechanism with _____ width of cut while a minimum of _____ engine shall be used for a rotary cutting knife cutting mechanism with _____ cutting width.

Front 20

cutting width

Back 20

distance between two outermost divider tips

Front 21

lodging angle

Back 21

degree between the vertical line joining the center of the plant and the imaginary line where the stalk lodges

Front 22

potential yield

Back 22

maximum yield per unit area

Front 23

pre-harvest loss

Back 23

losses that occurprior to reaping due to maturity of paddy and natural causes

Front 24

overall height

Back 24

distance between the horizontal supporting surface and the horizontal plane touching the uppermost part of the reaper

Front 25

overall length

Back 25

distance between the vertical planes at the right angles to the median plane of the reaper and touching its front and rear extremities

Front 26

overall width

Back 26

distance between the vertical planes parallel to the median plane of the reaper, each plane touching the outermost point of the reaper on its respective side

Front 27

running-in period

Back 27

preliminary operation of the machine to make various adjustments prior to the conduct of test

pre-test operation of the rice huller to make various adjustments prior to the conduct of test until the operation is stable

Front 28

750m^2 ; 30m

Back 28

For rice reaper, each test, with three replications, shall be carried out in the rectangular field with an area of not less than _____ with minimum length of _____. The field should be completely dried before reaping to prevent additional water absorption of the rice grains.

Front 29

Field performance test

Back 29

This is carried out to obtain actual data on machine performance, operating accuracy, work quality and adaptability to varied crops and field conditions.

Front 30

5 cm ; noise level meter

Back 30

The noise emitted by the machine shall be measured approximately _____ away from the ear level of the operator using a _____.

Front 31

metal drum core

Back 31

cylinder where rubber is bonded

Front 32

rubber roll

Back 32

component of rice mill made of rubber bonded to an inner metal drum core use for hulling

Front 33

rubber thickness

Back 33

depth of the rubber bonded on the metal drum core

Front 34

size

Back 34

specified by the width, by the outside diameter and by the core diameter of the rubber roll

Front 35

width

Back 35

longitudinal dimension of a roll in right angle to the diameter

Front 36

15 mm

Back 36

For rubber roll for rice mill, the rubber shall have a minimum thickness of _____.

Front 37

80 to 90 ; 85

Back 37

The rubber hardness shall be between _____ shore in the case of elastomers and _____ shore for press-cured rubber mixes.

Front 38

6200 kPa to 8268 kPa

Back 38

The tensile stress of the rubber roll shall be _____.

Front 39

1.2 to 1.3

Back 39

The specific gravity of the rubber shall be _____.

Front 40

0.6 mm

Back 40

When the iron sheet is used for the drum core, it shall be at least _____ cold rolled carbon steel.

Front 41

60 kg

Back 41

For every 2 g reduction in weight of the rubber roll, the brown rice processed shall be at least _____.

Front 42

broken brown rice

Back 42

grain that breaks in the process of dehulling which has a size of less than eighth-tenth (8/10) of the average length of the whole grain

Front 43

brown rice

Back 43

dehulled paddy with bran layer still intact

Front 44

coefficient of hulling

Back 44

measure the ability of the huller to remove the hulls

Front 45

coefficient of wholeness

Back 45

measure the ability of the huller to remove the hull without breaking the grain

Front 46

hull

husk

Back 46

outermost rough covering of the palay grain (palea and lemma) consisting of the empty glumes, floral glumes, and awn

Front 47

whole brown rice

Back 47

grain or a fraction of grain with its length equal to or greater than eighth-tenth (8/10) of the average length of the whole grain

Front 48

fineness modulus

Back 48

classification system that indicates the uniformity of grind in the resultant product; sum of the weight fractions retained above each sieve divided by 100

Front 49

hammer mill

Back 49

device use for grinding which is a result of the impact between the particles and hammers, which are mounted on a shaft rotating along a horizontal axis

Front 50

reduction ratio

Back 50

ratio of the average size of input to the average size of the product

Front 51

96 db

Back 51

The noise emitted by the hammer mill shall not be more than _____ (A).

Front 52

laboratory sieve shaker

Back 52

equipment with definite shaking motion used to sort size of the milled materials using standard screen sieves

Front 53

milling capacity

Back 53

quantity of input materials that the hammer mill can process to produce milled materials per unit of time, expressed in kilogram per hour

Front 54

blow-up type

Back 54

type of forage chopper where the chopped materials are blown up through the blow-up pipe

Front 55

cutterhead

cutting rotor

Back 55

devices intended to cut the crop into short lengths with reasonable consistency within a range of optional settings

Front 56

cylinder cutterhead

Back 56

knives on cylindrical mountings such that the cutting edges of the knives are essentially parallel to the axis of rotation

Front 57

feedroll

Back 57

cylindrical roll generally with protrusions or flutes, used to gather, compress and advance the crop into the cutterhead

Front 58

flywheel cutterhead

Back 58

knives mounted essentially radially with the cutting edges describing a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation

Front 59

forage chopper

Back 59

machine used to cut the crop into short parallel lengths

Front 60

let-fall type

Back 60

type of forage chopper where the chopped materials are dropped down to the bottom of machine

Front 61

precision-cut forage chopper

Back 61

forage chopper which uses a feeding mechanism consisting of four or more feed rolls to partially orient and advance the crop at a consistent rate into the cutting mechanism

Front 62

random-cut forage chopper

Back 62

forage chopper without a distinct feeding mechanism, usually employing flails to impact-cut and chop crop directly into shorter pieces

Front 63

semi-precision-cut forage chopper

Back 63

forage chopper which uses a feeding mechanism consisting of two feed rolls, or other means such as an auger, to advance the crop to the cutting mechanism

Front 64

stationary knife

shear bar

Back 64

fixed plate providing a stationary edge against which the cutterhead knives shear the crop

Front 65

throw-away type

Back 65

type of forage chopper where the chopped materials are thrown away to the front area of the machine

Front 66

chopping efficiency

Back 66

ratio of the weight of the fresh chopped materials collected at all outlets, to the total fresh weight of the input of the chopper, expressed in percent

Front 67

forage

Back 67

any crop used as silage, soilage or animal feed, usually mixed with fermenting agents.

Front 68

feeding table

Back 68

part of the forage chopper where the forage to be chopped are loaded

Front 69

50 mm

Back 69

The noise emitted by the machine shall be measured using a noise level meter at the location of the feeder and collector of the chopped materials. The noise level shall be measured approximately _____ away from the ear level of the feeder and collector of the chopped materials.

Front 70

blower loss

Back 70

ratio of the weight of kernels blown by the sheller fan, to the weight of the total kernel input of the sheller, expressed in percent

Front 71

damaged kernel

Back 71

wholly or partially broken and insect-damaged kernel

Front 72

kernel

Back 72

edible part of peanut

Front 73

main kernel outlet

Back 73

outlet at which shelled kernel moves out of the machine

Front 74

peanut sheller

Back 74

machine used to remove kernels from the shell by breaking/splitting the pods

Front 75

pod

Back 75

unbroken shell with kernel inside

Front 76

shell

Back 76

hull of the pod

Front 77

shell outlet

Back 77

outlet at which shells come out of the machine in case of the machine with blower(s)

Front 78

shelled kernels

Back 78

whole and damaged kernels freed from shell

Front 79

shelling efficiency

Back 79

ratio of the weight of the shelled kernels collected at all outlets, to the total kernel input of the sheller, expressed in percent

Front 80

shelling recovery

Back 80

ratio of the weight of the shelled kernels collected at the main outlet, to the total weight of the kernel input of the sheller, expressed in percent

Front 81

unshelled loss

Back 81

ratio of the weight of kernels that remained in the pods collected from all outlets, to the weight of the total kernel input of the sheller, expressed in percent

Front 82

whole kernel

Back 82

unbroken and non-insect damaged kernel