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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Externalities
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The benefits or costs of goods experienced by those who do not own them (private goods) or have not contributed to them (collective or public goods)
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Common-pool resources (CPRs)
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Natural resources that do not fall under any state’s sovereign jurisdiction and are therefore available to all
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Sustainable development
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The pursuit of human, economic, and social development while at the same time preserving the ecological systems on which development depends
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Neo-malthusians
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Ecosystem is fragile and therefore difficult to control and manage. When we try to control it, we damage it
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Neo-malthusians are...
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inclusionists
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Malthus warned of...
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a looming demographic disaster if population growth rates continued to outpace the growth in food supplies
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Cornucopians
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Have an abiding faith in market mechanisms, which promote the more efficient use of scarce resources and encourage the substitution of more abundant resources before scarcities become too disruptive
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Cornucopians are...
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exclusionists
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exclusionists
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Humans are effectively outside the confines of the global ecostructure and are able to manipulate its limits through scientific advance and technological development
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Fukuyama’s End of History argument
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Says we are entering the end of man’s ideological evolution
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Fukuyama’s End of History says history was...
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...a battle of ideas
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Fukuyama’s End of History reverses...
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causality between ideas and the material world
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Fukuyama’s End of History says what drives material world?
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ideas and consciousness
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2 fallacies of materialism
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Marxism, the Wall Street Journal School
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Fukuyama’s End of History is an attack on...
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...realism
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public goods
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non-excludable, non-divisible
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private good
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excludable, finite
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Forced Riders Solutions for CPRs
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Just as a free rider cannot be excluded from collective benefits, forced rides can’t avoid negative outcomes from “collective bads”
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forced rider solution is an example of...
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...vulnerability
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an example of unsustainable development is...
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environmental degradation
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who emphasizes exponential growth?
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malthus
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stage 1 of population growth
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High death and birth rates, no steady growth
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what stage describes the world through most of history
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stage 1
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stage 2 of population growth
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Birth rates steady, death rates decline because of advances in medicine
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stage 3 of population growth
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Continuing decrease in death rates, decline in birth rates, but population keeps growing
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stage 4 of population growth
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Equal births and deaths
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what is the population stgae today?
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4
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Paradox of Production
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Increase in production by one player may make it worse off, and make others better off
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Kyoto Protocol
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An international CPR on climate change that emphasizes common but differentiated responsibility
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Fukuyama’s End of History
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There can be no serious competitor to Western liberalism as an organizing principle for modern society
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what is Fukuyama an example of?
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democratic peace
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who does Fukuyama say war will involve?
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pre-history countries
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how does mueller explain the long peace?
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we are getting smart
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costs of war can be divided into...
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material, psychic
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what does mueller say war is?
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an idea that can be argued against
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what is mearsheimer trying to do?
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explain the Cold War and then use that to predict what will happen post-Cold War
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what 3 things does mearsheimer say the cold war was caused by?
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bipolarity, balance/equality, nuclear weapons
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what does huntington argue?
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a culture class is comong between civilizations
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2 kinds of conflict between civilizations to huntington
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fault lines (micro), civilization-states (macro
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