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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tectonic causes of earthquakes? |
Earthquakes- 75% Unknown- 10% Landslides- 8% Volcanic- 5% Meteorological- 2% |
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How does an earthquake cause a Tsunami? |
Destructive plate boundary, over riding plate compresses and accumulates energy over a long period of time. Eventually this stuck area will rupture and the stored energy is released as an earthquake. |
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Tsunami characteristics in deep water? |
Travels at 800km/h with a wave height of no more than a metre but a wavelength of up to 150km |
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Tsunami characteristics in shallow water? |
Travels at 50km/h as there becomes more friction with the seabed. Wave height increases up to 30m |
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How can Volcanic eruptions lead to Tsunamis? |
The collapse of the magma chamber into the sea |
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Example of this? |
Santorini 1638BC |
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Example of two Tsunamis? |
Boxing Day Tsunamis 2004 Japanese Tsunami March 2011 |
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Boxing Day Tsunami Characteristics? |
9.0 on RS Epicentre 160km from coastline 8.00am 20m high waves Mega thrust quake |
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Boxing Day Impacts? |
230,000 deaths |
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Japanese Tsunami Characteristics? |
9.0 on RS Epicentre 130km from the coastline 2.45pm |
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Japanese Tsunami Impacts? |
20,000 deaths |
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What is the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre (PTWC)? |
A centre based in Honolulu Hawaii, with a system of tidal buoys which are connected to seismic stations which monitor changes in pressure |
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Why are some earthquakes more hazardous than others? |
Population density Building and structural vulnerability Levels of development Extent of earthquake preparedness Nature of bedrock Tectonics Earthquake magnitude and depth |
