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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Plasma cell neoplasms
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MGUS
Plasma cell myeloma (multiple myeloma) Plasmacytoma Immunoglobulin deposition disease Osteosclerotic myeloma (POEMS) |
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Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance - MGUS
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asymptomatic, have a M-protein spike but no symptoms, no organ damage, no b-cell lymphoma
risk to progress to MM or other myeloma |
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Plasma cell myeloma
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bone marrow lesion primarily, but can effect multiple tissue/organ sites
skeletal destruction -> pathologic fractures, anemia, hypercalcemia secretes a clonal immunoglobulin product known as M-protein |
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describe the look of osteolytic lesions in MM
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punched out lesions
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bones involved in MM
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mostly axial but can have long bone involvement
vertebrae (often see backpain first), ribs, skull, pelvis in decreasing order of freq |
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waldenstrom syndrome
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aka lymphoplastic lymphoma
IgM secreting no lytic bone lesions MGUS patients can convert to waldenstrom syndrome or MM |
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Plasma Cell Myeloma Clinical features
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acronym CRAB
hyperCalcmia Renal failure due to bence jones protein Anemia Bone Lesions - pathologic fracture *also increased bacterial infection due to decreased antibody |
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plasma cell leukemia
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20% or greater plasma cell in th PERIPHERAL BLOOD
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Asymptomatic (smoldering) myeloma
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like MGUS but with higher levels of Mprotein and marrow plasmacytosis
no treatment required |
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MM blood smear morphology
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circulating malignant plasma cells
rouleax formation mott cell, flame cell gaucher inclusions russel bodies (cytoplasmic), dutcher body (nucleus) cytoplasmic crystalline rods |
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plasma cell immunophenotype
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normal CD19+ CD138+
neoplastic is CD19- CD138+ |
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plasma cell myeloma cytogenetics
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translocation usually involve 14q32 with:
cyclin D1 chr11 C-MAF chr16 cyclin D3 chr6 MAFB FGFR3 cyclinD1 and cyclinD3 are good prognosis |
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hyperviscosity syndrome
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headache
bleeding diathesis focal/generalized CNS problems coronary syndrome congestive heart failure due to MM or waldenstrom because of excess protein in the serum |