Plaque Mediated Diseases

Front 1

What does dental plaque Bio film consist of?

Back 1

70% bacteria
30% of salivary origin

Front 2

What is a micro biofilm?

Back 2

A single or multi bacterial species found on wet surfaces

Front 3

What is the cnical significance of dental plaque?

Back 3

Causes disease and caries

Front 4

How is biofilm formed?

Back 4

Bacteria cluster together to form mushroom shaped micro colonies.

Front 5

How do bacteria communicate in the biofilm?

Back 5

Cell to cell chemical signals.

Front 6

What function does the slime layer serve

Back 6

protects bacteria from chemical or physical destruction

Front 7

What is the most effective way of controling the formation of biofilm?

Back 7

Physical removal is most effective. i.e. toothbrushing and a scale and clean

Front 8

What are the environmental conditions of plaque?

Back 8

- Approximal and gingival crevice
- Smooth surface - supra gingival
- Fissures (pits and fissures)

Front 9

What are the typess of bacterial plaque?

Back 9

- Marginal (supra-gingival) plaque
- SUbgingival plaque

Front 10

How is acquired enamel pellicle formed?

Back 10

Through salivary glycoproteins - Phosphoproteins - Lipids.

Front 11

How is the aquired enamel pellicle a protective layer?

Back 11

It repels bacteria as positivley charged. Broken down by plaque

Front 12

List the 5 steps of dental plaque formation

Back 12

1. Salivary bacterial attachement within 2 hour of cleaning
- initial coloniser = Streptococcus gordonii, followed by actinomyces
2. Bacterial colonisation - formation of microcolonies
3. Further bacteria and glycoprotein deposition results in confluent growth
4. Surface becomes anoxic - growth of obligate anearobes e.g. VEillonella
5. DIversity of microflora increases and re org off bacteria resulting in diff formations

Front 13

What is smooth surface plaque predominently made up of?

Back 13

Strepptoccus sanguis and S.mutans

Front 14

What is approximal plaque made up of?

Back 14

Actinomyces, step mutans, bacteroids

Front 15

What is fissure plaque made up of?

Back 15

Streptoccus and actinomyces

Front 16

What is gingival crevice plaque made up of?

Back 16

Spirochaetes and anaerobic strptoccocus

Front 17

What is denture plaque made up of?

Back 17

Streptococci and Candida

Front 18

What factors affect plaque formation?

Back 18

Diet
Precipitation of saliva onto the teeth
The number of acidogenic organisms

Front 19

Descibe the demin remin cycle

Back 19

Production of acids leads to release of calcium and phosphate ions from enamel followed by remineralisation
When demin is greater than remin cariees results

Front 20

What is the specific plaque hypothesis?

Back 20

A few bacteria species are actively involved

Front 21

What is the non-specific plaque hypothesis?

Back 21

Disease is the outcome of overall activity of the total plaque microflora

Front 22

Name the major cariogenic bacterai involved in dental caries

Back 22

Streptoccus - S.mutans and S. sobrinus
Lactobacillus - L. acidophilus

Front 23

Name the minor bacteria involved in dental caries

Back 23

S.mitis, Enterococcus, Actinomyces

Front 24

What is facultative?

Back 24

can live in o2 or no o2

Front 25

What is the role of lactobacillis

Back 25

-highly cariogenic
-acidophillic grows best at pH of 5.5-5.8
-ferments carbs to produce acid
-decalcify dentine

Front 26

what are the different types of caries?

Back 26

-supragingival
-root surfaces
-dentinal (anearobic)

Front 27

where is veillonella found?

Back 27

oral cavity and dental plaque

Front 28

What does veillonella convert lactic acid to?

Back 28

weaker acids

Front 29

What sort of bacteria is veillonella?

Back 29

obligate anaerobic gram neg cocci

Front 30

Can veillonella reduce caries?

Back 30

Possibly

Front 31

What are the factors affecting dental caries?

Back 31

1. sugar consumption
2. frequency of food intake
3. oral clearance time
4. teeth suseptibility

Front 32

What are the main bacteria in the aetilogy of pulpitis?

Back 32

actinomycetes
lactobacillis
propionbacterium

Front 33

What is the differnce between periodontitis and periodontotis?

Back 33

periodontitis- intial inflam response to plaque
periodontotis- bone distruction caused by colinisation of perio pockets

Front 34

What is the main bacteria in perio disease?

Back 34

prophyromonas gingivalis

Front 35

Where is P intermedia found?

Back 35

in deep perio pockets

Front 36

What is order of chronic perio bacteria?

Back 36

p intermedia followed T denticola