Plants/fungi Test

Front 1

General Characteristics of Fungi

Back 1

Saphrophytes, Parasites(sometimes), Unicellular-3.5 miles in diameter, Evolved From Protists, Classified by Reproduction.

Front 2

General Structure of Fungi

Back 2

Hyphae, Septum, Mycelum, Store food as glycogen

Front 3

Divisions:
Zygomycota

Back 3

Black Bread Mold (wheat molds): 1,000 species, reproduce sexually and asexually spores, hyphae do not have septa

Front 4

Basldiomcotes

Back 4

mushrooms, toadstoles, smuts, rusts- also likes flour

Front 5

Ascomycotes

Back 5

mildrew, yeast, thrush, penicilin, aperisillas

Front 6

Deuteromycotes

Back 6

ringworms, athletes foot. 25,000 species, no known sexual

Front 7

Symbitotic Relationships

Back 7

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Front 8

Lichens

Back 8

Fungus + Green Algae
Fungus forms a dense web of hyphae in which the algae can grow in and in return, they get food for both organisms

Front 9

Mychorrihiza

Back 9

Fungus + plant roots, does Nitrogen fixation
Fungus increases the absorptive surface of the plants roots and helps to maintain water in the soil around the plant in return for organic nutrients to survive.

Front 10

Plant Kingdom

Back 10

...

Front 11

Importance of Plants

Back 11

produce oxygen + uses carbon Dioxide, food, Nutrients in the soil, decomposers, clothing, wood, energy, paper, pencil, Medicine, Herbs.

Front 12

Reproduction

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Assexual:Shoots, Cuttings, Grafting
Sexual:Gametes(male in polen, female in ovule)

Front 13

Classification of plants

Back 13

by vacuole system

Front 14

Bryophytes

Back 14

moss, non-vascular, low to the ground, does most of the photosynthesis

Front 15

Vascular Plants

Back 15

live anywhere, have roots, stems, and leaves

Front 16

Seedless (4 divisions)

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Examples: ferns, horsetails
also dominated during the dinosaur age.

Front 17

Gymnosperms

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Examples:cycads, ginkos, Spruce, Pine, Conifers
Leaves are needles
don't lose eaves during winter

Front 18

Anglosperms=2 divisions

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dominant group, flowering plants, co-evolution with insects
Ex: Herbs, shrubs, grasses, trees

Front 19

Monocot Features

Back 19

parellel veins in leaves, 3 part symmetry in flowers, no annual rings, no wood, can have bulbs for roots

Front 20

Monocots Examples

Back 20

grass, wheat, oats, lilies, rye, corn, rice, onion, palms, bamboo

Front 21

Dicot Features

Back 21

midrib with veins in leaves, multiple leaf symmetry, primary and secondary roots system, flowers with 2, 4, 5 petals, stem with vascular tissue in rings, wood, bark, fruit

Front 22

Dicot Examples

Back 22

most trees, fruit

Front 23

Structures of Cells

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...

Front 24

Darenchyma

Back 24

thin cell walls

Front 25

Collenchyma

Back 25

thicker cell walls

Front 26

Sclerenchyma

Back 26

super thick cell walls

Front 27

Xylem

Back 27

dead like wood (scleranchyma cells)

Front 28

Phloem

Back 28

primarily Collenchyma cells

Front 29

Meritemsiu

Back 29

actively dividing cells (darenchyma cells)

Front 30

what is the complex cargohydrate that makes up the cell walls of fungi called?

Back 30

chitin

Front 31

What is the basic structural unit of a multicellular fungi called?

Back 31

Hyphae

Front 32

What is the network of Hyphae called?

Back 32

Mycelium

Front 33

What are the cross walls that divide hyphae called?

Back 33

septa or septum

Front 34

Fungi are decomposers, true or false?

Back 34

True

Front 35

Are fungi heterotrophs or autotrophs?

Back 35

Heterotrophs

Front 36

What are stolons?

Back 36

There are the horizontal hyphae that grow on Rhizopus that produce mycelium.

Front 37

What are rhizoids?

Back 37

Hyphae that penetrate the food and anchor the mycelium in the bread. Rhizoids secret enzymes for extracellular digestion and absorb the excess nutrients.

Front 38

When do zygomycotes reproduce sexually?

Back 38

When the bread becomes dry or other environmental conditions occur.

Front 39

What are zygospores?

Back 39

Zygospores are thick walled spores that withstand unfavorable conditions, occur when rhizopus reproduces sexually.

Front 40

What are Ascomycotes called?

Back 40

Sac fungi?

Front 41

What is the largest phylum of fungi?

Back 41

Ascomycote

Front 42

What is an ascus?

Back 42

Tiny sac like structure where the sexual spores of the fungi develop.

Front 43

What are conidiophores?

Back 43

Conidiophores are fungi fungal hyphae during asexual reproduction for ascomycotes.

Front 44

What is the name for the spores produced by Ascomycotes during sexual reproduction?

Back 44

Ascospores

Front 45

What are Conida?

Back 45

They are chains or clusters that develop from tips of conidophores

Front 46

What shape are the hyphae for basidiomycotes and what are they called?

Back 46

Club shaped and basidia. That's why they are called club fungi.

Front 47

What are basidiospores?

Back 47

spores produced in basidia sexual reproduction.