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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the dominant generation in the life of angiosperms? |
The Sporophyte |
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What is the gametophytes and sporophytes relationship to each other in the angiosperm life cycle? |
Gametophytes are smaller and rely on the sporophyte for nutrients |
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What are the 4 whorls, or floral organs, of angiosperms |
Sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels |
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What is the carpel? |
The collective female reproductive portions of a flower |
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What is the stamen? |
The collective male reproductive portions of the flower |
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What does the stamen consist of? |
A filament topped by an anther with pollen sacs which produce pollen |
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What does the carpel consist of? |
A long style with the stigma at the top, on which pollen land. The style stems from the ovary which contains one or more ovules. |
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What is an inflorescence? |
A cluster of flowers on a single plant |
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Define monoecious |
A plant that has both male and female flowers |
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Define dioecious |
When the male and female flowers are on separate plants |
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How is pollen developed? |
When microspores within the microsporangia undergo mitosis to produce 2 cells: a generative cell (which will form 2 sperm) and a tube cell. |
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What does a pollen grain consist of? |
A two celled male gametophyte and a spore wall |
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What is a pollen tube? |
A tube formed from the the tube cell after pollination succeeds which grows down the style to the ovary and discharges 2 sperm cells. |
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How is the embryo sac formed? |
One cell in the megasporangium undergoes meiosis producing 4 megaspores. Only one megaspore survives. The haploid megaspore undergoes 3 mitotic divisions without cytokinesis to produce a large cell with 8 nuclei. |
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What are the 8 partitions of the embryo sac? |
1 egg, 2 synergids, 2 polar nuclei, and 3 other cells of unknown function. |
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What is coevolution? |
The evolution of two interacting species in response to changes in each other. |
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What is double fertilization? |
When two sperm are discharged from a pollen tube into the embryo sac, one sperm fertilizes the egg and the other fuses with the 2 polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm. |
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What is the purpose of the endosperm? |
Food storage |
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What happens after double fertilization? |
Each ovule develops into a seed |
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What is a seed made up of? |
Embryo, endosperm, and seed coat |
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What is contained in the endosperm? |
Lipids, protein, and starch |
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How is the seed coat developed? |
From the ovule wall |
