Plant Prop

Front 1

What are 5 possible reasons for layering success?

Back 1

1. Maintaining a Physical attachment of stem to the mother plant. Xylem remains intact.

2. Accumulation of photosynthesis & hormones in the rooting area. Girdling & exogenous auxins may be needed.

3. Light exclusion in the root zone. Blanching and etoliation.

4. Invigoration & Rejuvenation. Cutting back stock plants results in rapid regrowth(invigoration)

Reversal of mature growth to juvenile form enhances rooting.

5. Seasonal Patterns. Often started in early spring with roots developing as growth resumes.

Front 2

What is layering?

Back 2

A way of rooting cuttings on a stem while still attached to the plant.

Front 3

What common technique has replaced layering in the nursery trade?

Back 3

Cuttings

Front 4

What reason allows for a continuous supply of water and minerals to pass through the intact xylem to the rooting area?

Back 4

Guttation

Front 5

In most cases, in which season is layering typically done?

Back 5

Spring

Front 6

What is the name if the process in which an entire ring of bark is removed from the stem during air layering?

Back 6

Girdling

Front 7

What is another name for Mound layering?

Back 7

Stooling

Front 8

What is the name if the shoots that are produced during Mound layering?

Back 8

Stool shoots/ layer

Front 9

Which species is most often associated with Tip layering?

Back 9

Black berry

Front 10

Which plant typically produces runners?

Back 10

Strawberries

Front 11

Which fruit tree is typically propagated from offshoots?

Back 11

Date Palm

Front 12

What is the name of the technique in which herbaceous perennials are split into separate parts with stem & root attached?

Back 12

Crown Division

Front 13

As a general rule when should fall flowering perennials be divided?

Back 13

Spring

Front 14

When should potted plants be divided?

Back 14

When root bound

Front 15

List 6 plant modifications resulting in Natural layering.

Back 15

Tip layering, runners, stolons, offsets, suckers, crown division

Front 16

Describe micro propagation.

Back 16

Micro propagation is a form of tissue culture to propagate new plants in an aseptic ultra controlled environment within the culture vessel.

Front 17

Micro propagation is commonly referred to by what term?

Back 17

Tissue culture

Front 18

According to the textbook, what are 5 advantages of micro propagation?

Back 18

1. Mass propagation of specific clones

2. Production of pathogen free plants

3. Clonal propagation of parental stock(inbred) for hybrid seed

4. Year-round nursery production

5. Germplasm preservation

Front 19

6 disadvantages of micro propagation.

Back 19

1. Require expensive facilities

2. High labor cost

3. High volume distribution required

4. Infestation can cause quick/ high losses

5. Variability of off types

6. Economics/ marketing

Front 20

Why would micro propagation be used on a new cultivar that has a high market demand?

Back 20

Mass production

Front 21

Where should the tissue culture facility be located in the nursery?

Back 21

Away from main nursery

Front 22

What are the 3 areas in a tissue culture facility?

Back 22

1. Preparation area

2. Transfer area

3. Growing area

Front 23

Name 7 items usually found in the preparation area.

Back 23

Scales, stirrers, media dispenser, autoclave, heating plates, pH meters, filters, water purification

Front 24

What is the number one requirement for the transfer area?

Back 24

Must be STERILE

Front 25

List 5 containers used for growing cultures.

Back 25

Test tubes, glass jars, petri dishes, plastic containers, flasks

Front 26

What are the 3 categories of ingredients found in culture media?

Back 26

Gelling, organic, inorganic

Front 27

What is n example of an inorganic salt?

Back 27

Nitrogen, potassium

Front 28

What category would sucrose & vitamins fall under?

Back 28

Organic

Front 29

Name 2 gelling agents.

Back 29

Agar, gelrite, liquid solution

Front 30

Which is most commonly used as a gelling agent?

Back 30

Agar

Front 31

What is the main purpose of Agar in a culture media?

Back 31

Anchorage, Nutrients

Front 32

What are the 4 stages of micro propagation?

Back 32

1. Establishment

2. Shoot Multiplication

3. Root Formation

4. Acclimatization

Front 33

What stage would you subculture the developing explants?

Back 33

2- Shoot Multiplication

Front 34

In which stage do you disinfest the explants?

Back 34

1- Establishment

Front 35

What is a plantlet?

Back 35

A small or young plant

Front 36

What is the most common disinfesting solution?

Back 36

Bleach, alcohol

Front 37

Is the same media used for all stages?

Back 37

No

Front 38

What is the purpose of stage 3?

Back 38

Root Formation

Front 39

Do more shoots or roots develop during the multiplication stage?

Back 39

Shoots

Front 40

What process must be done to plantlets once they're well rooted in order to survive?

Back 40

Acclimatization

Front 41

The method of rooting micro cuttings where they're rooted into plug cells containing a greenhouse medium is called?

Back 41

Ex-vitro