Plant Id Final

Front 1

The mustard family?

Back 1

Brassicaceae

Front 2

Field characters for Brassicaceae (mustards)?

Back 2

1. Tetradynamous stamens(4 long inner, 2 short outer)
2. cruciform corolla
3. fruits either silique or silicle

Front 3

term describing six stamens, two of which are shorter than the others, as in most plants of the mustard family.

Back 3

Tetradynamous

Front 4

Dehiscent fruit (seed capsule) of 2 fused carpels with the length being more than twice the width, separated by REPLUM. (looks somewhat like a bean)

Back 4

silique

Front 5

fruit of similar structure to a SILIQUE (w/ 2 fused carpels), but SHORTER

Back 5

silicle
(like parsnip seed)

Front 6

False septum or membranous partition in a silique or silicle fruit?

Back 6

REPLUM

Front 7

The maple family?

Back 7

Aceraceae

Front 8

Family that Aceraceae (maple) and Tiliaceae (basswood) should be "sunk" into?

Back 8

Sapindaceae ("soap berry")

(rambutan & lychee belong to this group)

Front 9

Field characters for Aceraceae (maple)?

Back 9

1)fruit is schizocarp
2)fruit is (double) samara
3)opposite leaves
4)palmately veined leaf or pinnatified into 3-5 leaflets

Front 10

Basswood family?

Back 10

Tiliaceae

Front 11

Tiliaceae (Basswood) field Chracteristics

Back 11

1) actinomorphic bisexual flower
2) alternate stipulate leaves
3 )fruit is capsule
4) inflorescence protrudes from center of floral bract

Front 12

The Phlox Family?

Back 12

Polemoniaceae

(memory: a flock of pokemons)

Front 13

Polemoniaceae (Phlox) field characteristics?

Back 13

1) trilocular gynoecium
2) long corolla throat for hummingbird/ moth pollenation
3) some suffrutescent (weak woody)
4)EPIPETALOUS STAMENS in throat!

Front 14

The waterleaf family?

Back 14

Hydrophyllaceae

means water leaf!

Front 15

Field characters for Hydrophyllaceae (waterleaf)?

Back 15

not a water plant!!

1) Bilocular gynoecium
2) 1 style with 2 stigmas
3) trichome on filaments (HAIRY STAMENS)

Front 16

Morning glory family?

Back 16

Convolvulaceae
(first part of name means "rolling with" .... *morning- "rolling" out of bed?)

Front 17

Convolvulaceae (morning glory) characteristics?

Back 17

1)fruit is capsule
2) perennial herbacious vines
3) no lobes of corolla
4)twining stem (no tendrils or pads)

Front 18

which family has stylopodium?

Back 18

apiaceae- carrot/parsley

Front 19

Characteristics of CUSCUTACEAE
(dodder) family?

Back 19

1) has HAUSTORIA (adventitious parasitic roots)
2) Very small flower
3) NOT photosynthetic (has vestigial plastids)
4) Holoparasite

Front 20

Term for the root of a parasitic plant?

Back 20

Haustoria

Front 21

Term for an organism that is completely parasitic- cannot live without host.

Back 21

Holoparasite

Front 22

Dodder (Cuscutaceae) is derived from what family?

Back 22

morning glories... convolvulaceae

Front 23

Dogbane family name?

Back 23

Apocynaceae (upon the dog)

*chemotherapy drug

Front 24

Field characteristics of Apocynaceae (dogbane)?

Back 24

1)fruit= extremely long twin follicles (gynoecium)
2) 2 ovaries united by 1 style
3) stamens curve around "space needle"-like style
4) milky sap full of latex

Front 25

The Milkweed Family name?

Back 25

Asclepiadaceae

Front 26

Asclepiadaceae (milkweed) Characteristics?

Back 26

1) milky sap full of latex
2) CORONA of horn and hood atop corona tube
3) reflexed COROLLA (below corona)
4)GYNOSTEGIUM (stamens fused to stigma)
5) POLLENIUM of CORPUSCULUM (gland) and TRANSLATOR ARMS surround STIGMATIC SLIT (gland is on top of slit)

Front 27

parts of POLLENIUM (in milkweeds & orchids)

Back 27

CORPUSCULUM -gland (top)
TRANSLATOR ARMS (hang down from gland)

Orchids also have caudicle (stem) which attaches to Rostellum (sterile stigma lobe)

Front 28

Parts of milkweed corona?

Back 28

Horn and hood

Front 29

The Mint family?

Back 29

Lamiaceae

(greek: name of a sorceress- a female man-eater...she was on an episode of Hercules!)

Front 30

Field characteristics of Lamiaceae (mint)?

Back 30

1. Square stems
2. zygomorphic & bilabiate (2 upper, 3 lower)
3. didynamous stamens (2 short, 2 long)
4.fruit id 4 NUTLETS
5. opposite leaves
6. Virticils (whorls) of flowers
7. 4 loculed/ 4 ovules surrounded by PERICARP
8. GYNOBASIC style (style sits between ovules, not on top of them)
9. scent

Front 31

term for a style sitting between ovules rather than on top of them

Back 31

gynobasic style
(as in lamiaceae- mint)

Front 32

Having four stamens in two pairs of unequal length (as in Scorphulariaceae an Lamiaceae)

Back 32

didynamous

Front 33

clusters of flowers in a whorl, as in lamiaceae (mint)

Back 33

VERTICILS

Front 34

The wall of a ripened ovary

Back 34

pericarp

(around the carpel/gynoecium)

Front 35

the Plantain family?

Back 35

Plantaginaceae

Front 36

Characteristics of the Plataginaceae (Plantain family)

Back 36

1) reduced flower
2) feathery stigma for wind pollinated
3) florets in spikes
4) rosette
* common yard weed, closely related to snapdragons

Front 37

Name for Snapdragon Family?

Back 37

Scorphulariaceae

(should be sunk into Plantaginaceae)

Front 38

Scorphulariaceae (Snapdragon) and Lamiaceae(mint) are very similar. What are two differences?

Back 38

Lamiaceae is AROMATIC and has NUTLET seeds.

Scopulariaceae has a capsule.

Front 39

Characteristics of Scorphulariaceae
(snapdragons)?

Back 39

1) zygomorphic bilabiate flower (2 upper, 2 lower)
2) didynamous stamens: 2 short, 2 long
3) some have staminode
4)opposite leaves
5)dehiscent fruit (capsule, as opposed to mint nutlet)
*many paratitic plants in this family

Front 40

term for sterile stamen?

Back 40

STAMINODE

Front 41

parasitic Snapdragons?

Back 41

squawroot
cancer-root
clustered broom-rape

Front 42

name for Carrot/Parsley family?

Back 42

Apiaceae

Front 43

Field Characteristics for Apiaceae (carrot/parsley)?

Back 43

schizocarp
umbel
stylopodium (swollen at base- style looks like a Hershey's kiss)

Front 44

style swollen at base, taking on the appearance of a hershey's kiss.

Back 44

stylopodium

Front 45

the Honeysuckle family?

Back 45

Caprifoliaceae

(goat leaf...like capricorn...maybe goats like to eat honeysuckle?)

Front 46

Characteristics of Caprifoliaceae (honeysuckle)?

Back 46

flower funnel like or bell shaped

many from this family are ornamental shrubs or vines.

Front 47

Sunflower family name?

Back 47

Asteraceae

Front 48

Characteristics of Asteraceae (sunflower)?

Back 48

capitula: ligulate (all ray), radiate (disk+ray), or discoid (disk only)
anthers connate around style - ANTHER TUBE, and POLLEN BRUSH on style

Front 49

ligulate

Back 49

capitula with only ray flowers
each ray- 5 lobes

Front 50

capitula with only disk flowers?

Back 50

discoid, each floret with 5 lobed corolla

Front 51

ray florets on radiate capitulum?

Back 51

3 lobed, infertile or female- no stamens

Front 52

bract subtending floret on asteraceae receptacle?

Back 52

chaff

Front 53

The bellflower family?

Back 53

Campanulaceae

(memory: camp-bells soup)

Front 54

Characteristics of Campanulaceae (bellflower family)?

Back 54

1) lobelia type zygomorphic flower or radial type similar to that of sunflower disk florets.
(Corolla is tubelike with spreading lobes)
2) fruits are berries or capsules

Front 55

another word for involucral bracts (of capitulum)

Back 55

phyllaries

Front 56

word for calyx on a sunflower floret?

Back 56

pappus

Front 57

cattail family name?

Back 57

TYPHACEAE

Front 58

Field characteristics of Typhaceae (cattails)?

Back 58

1. Graminoid
2. inflorescence - male above, female below OR separate dioecious flowers with perianth of bristles

* but always dioecious

(cattail "sausage" is fertilized female inflorescence after male parts die off)

Front 59

Family name for Rushes?

Back 59

Juncaceae

Front 60

Field characteristics of Juncaceae (Rushes)?

Back 60

1. Reduced perianth-petals similar to sepals...so collectively called TEPALS. "normal" flower (for a graminoid)
2. Fruit is trilocular capsule
3. basal leaves
4. Round stems

Front 61

Family name for Sedges?

Back 61

Cyperaceae

Front 62

Field characteristics of Cyperaceae (Sedges)?

Back 62

1. Fruit is achene
2. Edges

Front 63

Field Characteristics for Genus Carex (a sedge)?

Back 63

1) PERIGYNIUM forms "vase" around achene fruit
2) Acene is polygonal in cross-section
3) spikelets staminous or pistillate
4) bract and reduced perianth

Front 64

Family name of Grasses?

Back 64

Poaceae

Front 65

Field Characteristics of Poaceae (grasses)?

Back 65

1) floret composed of Lemma and Palea
2) spikelet subtended by 2 GLUMES
3) florets and glume attached to RACHILLA
4) feathery stigma for wind pollination
5) hollow at internodes, with round culms (stems)

Front 66

2 parts of a grass floret perianth &
What is the special name for this perianth?

Back 66

Lemma (bigger)
Palea (within lemma)

collectively: LODICULE

Front 67

term for fruit of a grass?

Back 67

CARYOPSIS

Front 68

term for bracts subtending the florets of a grass?

Back 68

GLUMES

Front 69

term for stem to which the glumes and florets are attached in a grass?

Back 69

RACHILLA

Front 70

Water Plantain Family name?

Back 70

Alismataceae

Front 71

Characteristics of Alismataceae (water plantain)?

Back 71

1) Wetland monocot
2) superficially ranunculus like- lots of carpels & stamens
3) fruit is cluster of achenes
4) 3 petals & 3 sepals
5) leaves basal

Front 72

name of Frog's-bit family?

Back 72

Hydrocharitaceae
(memory: "frog" (male flower) takes hydro-chariot to surface)

Front 73

characteristics of Hydrocharitaceae (frog's-bit)?

Back 73

1) fully submerged monocot
2) stalks of female flowers are corkscrew-like and come to surface. These flowers are hydrophilic on bottom & hydrophobic on tops.
3) male flowers are underwater, but detach and bob up to surface to pollenate.

Front 74

Name for Ditch grass family?

Back 74

Ruppiaceae

Front 75

Field characteristics for Ruppiaceae (ditch grass)?

Back 75

Wetland monocot.
1) inflorescence is an umble
2) fruits very small
3)swirly peduncle (kind of like frogsbit in this way)

Front 76

Water hyacinth family name?

Back 76

Pontederiaceae

(wetland monocot...pretty, but invasive)

Front 77

protrusion of lemma in some grasses?

Back 77

Awn

Front 78

the Pondweed family?

Back 78

Potomogetonaceae

Front 79

Field characteristics of Potomogetonaceae
(pondweed)?

Back 79

1) wetland monocot
2) "crisped" leaf margin, but surface leaved more typical
3) vertical, then spread out at surface
4) Little spike inflorescences at or above surface!!

Front 80

name of Horned pondweed family?

Back 80

Zannichelliaceae

Front 81

Characteristics of Zannichelliaceae (horned pondweed)?

Back 81

- wetland monocot
- UMBEL (like ruppia) but with unique banana shaped fruits...the "horns"

Front 82

The bur-reed family?

Back 82

Sparganiaceae

Front 83

Characteristics of Sparganiaceae (bur-reed)?

Back 83

-Wetland monocot
-globular "pompom" like fruit clusters
- plants monoecious, but inflorescences unisexual

Front 84

name for Arum or Jack-in-the-Pulpit family?

Back 84

Araceae

Front 85

Characteristics of araceae (arum/jack-in-the-pulpit)?

Back 85

Spadix and spathe
florets always dioecious

Front 86

name for the Duckweed family?

Back 86

Lemnaceae

Front 87

characteristics of Lemnaceae (duckweed)

Back 87

Tiny everything.
TINY spadix and spathe just like araceae!
sink in winter, bob to surface in summer

Front 88

name for the lily family?

Back 88

Liliaceae!

Front 89

characteristics of Liliaceae?

Back 89

6 tepals (or 3+3)
superior ovary

Front 90

name for catbriar family?

Back 90

Smilaceae

(smiling cat?)

Front 91

Characteristics of Smilaceae (Catbriar) family

Back 91

Spiny and vine-y. (and smiley)
androecium fused to tepals.

Front 92

Name for Wild Yam family?

Back 92

Dioscoreaceae
(memory: double score...because yams are yummy?)

Front 93

characteristic of dioscoreaceae (wild yam)?

Back 93

perennial herb, dies back
root is starchy tuber

Sweet potatoes not included!(yams aren't orange)

Front 94

name for the iris family?

Back 94

Iridaceae

Front 95

Characteristics of Iridaceae (iris)?

Back 95

1) equitant leaves (blade folded like taco and fused)
2) leaves sheathing at base
3)PETALOID styles- stigma is "beard"

Front 96

a fused and folded leaf blade?

Back 96

EQUITANT

Front 97

spiderwort family?

Back 97

commelinaceae

Front 98

Commelinaceae (spiderwort) characteristics?

Back 98

3 sepals
3 showy petals
and 6 stamens in 2 whorls
gooey sap
in some species, reduced petal creates bilateral symmetry

Front 99

Characteristics of Orchidaceae?

Back 99

* biggest family of monocots.
-TINY seeds (just a few cells w/no food, but MANY seeds produced)
Epiphytic in tropics.
-flower twists 180 degrees during development.
-bilaterally symmetrical flower
basal leaves

Front 100

stigma lobe on an orchid?

Back 100

Rostellum

Front 101

"sticky pad" on Rostellum in Orchids?

Back 101

Viscidium

Front 102

Mycotrophic saprophyte in orchid family??

Back 102

SPOTTED CORALROOT

bumblebee pollinated.

Front 103

little scars within leaf scar are called....

Back 103

bundle scars

Front 104

little pores on twigs are called

Back 104

lenticels

Front 105

2 types of buds on twig?

Back 105

axillary/lateral and terminal

Front 106

scars that enable you to count years of a twig?

Back 106

terminal bud scale scars

Front 107

lateral/axillary buds on little short twigs?

Back 107

spur shoots

Front 108

Red Queen Hypothesis

Back 108

creatures evolve as fast as possible just to keep up

Front 109

special problem with garlic mustard?

Back 109

Invasive species that poisons competition by use of biocides and fungicides
STERILIZES SOIL

Front 110

pretty pinkish purple raceme
invasive species...what is it?

Back 110

purple loosestrife

Front 111

Why do species over run a new area?

Back 111

no natural predators (yet) They hmay have had many in their natural habitat.

they are actually cleansed of impurities during "QUARANTINE PERIOD"

Front 112

what species did he photograph in the fall, which was still shiny and new looking? Most other leaves were spotted, chewed, etc

Back 112

Amur Maple

(pretty in fall)

Front 113

what do invasives do to ecosystems?

Back 113

SIMPLIFY ecosystems

Front 114

invasive species
cute vine-y plants with round leaves and pretty yellow flowers?

Back 114

Moneywort

saw this one at a plant sale. :(

Front 115

Invasive...
We have a clone of this at K-lot. fluffy white flowers, bushy

Back 115

japanese knotweed

Front 116

name of invasive spurge in our area?

Back 116

leafy spurge

Front 117

means of invasive seed dipersal?

Back 117

selling black dirt
long distance dipersal on trucks, feet