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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Eukaryotic |
More complicated then Prokaryote cells, Eukaryotic cells have Chromosomal DNA held within the Nucleus. -Either animal or plant cells |
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Cell Wall |
-Encloses all parts of cell -First layer made of Cellulose -Second made of Lignin -Provides structure and support |
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Plasma Membrane (Cell Membrane) |
A lipid (FAT) bilayer (Two Layers) that regulates the movement of material in and out of the cell |
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Active Transport |
Movement of molecules across a cell membrane from low concentration to high. -Energy is used in this form of transportation |
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Passive Transport |
Movement of molecules across a cell membrane without consuming energy |
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Osmosis |
The movement of water across the cell membrane from a region of Low solutes concentration to high solutes -moving in this direction to equalize water on both sides of membrane |
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Isotonic |
Same osmotic pressure across a membrane allowing the free movement of water without changing the level of solutes |
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Hypertonic |
Higher concentration of solutes outside the cell, tendency is for water to flow out of the cell |
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Hypotonic |
Higher concentration of solutes inside of the cell than outside. Tendency is for water to flow into the cell to balance solute concentrations |
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Protoplast |
Nucleus + Cytoplasm -Cytoplasm has organelles floating within it |
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Chromatin |
Chromosomes -Made up of DNA + Protein |
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Nucleus |
Contains the cells genetic material -Chromosomal DNA Found within Nucleus |
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Vacuole |
Storage centre of the cell |
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Mitochondrion |
Powerhouse of the cell, generating large quantities of energy for the cell in the form of ATP |
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Chloroplasts |
Specialized organelle found only in plant cells - Main role is conducting photosynthesis |
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Difference between Plant and Animal cells |
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts where other eukaryotic cells (ANIMAL) don't. |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
Two kinds: -Rough ER -Smooth ER |
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Rough ER |
Responsible for protein synthesis and transport |
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Smooth ER |
Responsible for lipid (FAT) synthesis and storage |
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Golgi Apparatus |
Packs proteins in the cell before they are sent to the destination outside of the cell |