Plant Breeding Midterm 1

Front 1

Vavilov: China (7)

Back 1

-peach
-apricot
-orange
-tea
-rhubarb
-apple
-pear

Front 2

Vavilov: India (3)

Back 2

-cucumber
-mango
-asparagus

Front 3

Vavilov: Indonesia-Malaysia (3)

Back 3

-banana
-coconut
-sugarcane

Front 4

Vavilov: Central Asia (4)

Back 4

-almond
-cantaloupe
-carrot
-walnut

Front 5

Vavilov: Near East (1)

Back 5

-pistachio

Front 6

Vavilov: Mediterranean (5)

Back 6

-cabbage
-celery
-peppermint
-olive
-lettuce

Front 7

Vavilov: Ethiopia (3)

Back 7

-coffee
-castor bean
-sesame

Front 8

Vavilov: Central America (3)

Back 8

-maize
-common bean
-squash

Front 9

Vavilov: South America (5)

Back 9

-chile pepper
-tobacco
-tomato
-potato
-lima bean

Front 10

Vavilov: Chile (1)

Back 10

-potato

Front 11

Vavilov: Brazil-Paraguay (2)

Back 11

-peanut
-pineapple

Front 12

scarification

Back 12

sulfuric acid, cut non-embryo end, sandpaper

Front 13

stratification

Back 13

cool & moist to overcome embryo dormancy

Front 14

chemical used to kill pollen

Back 14

ethanol

Front 15

suppression of natural methods of dispersal

Back 15

non-shattering cereal grains, non-explosive bean pods, shorter stolons in potato and peanut

Front 16

suppression of protective methods

Back 16

thorns - lettuce, blackberry, pineapple, eggplant

Front 17

development of attractive colors and patterns

Back 17

amaranth, potato, maize, bean, pepper, tomato

Front 18

enhanced inbreeding

Back 18

wild vs cultivated tomato

Front 19

Chauncey Goodrich

Back 19

Rough Purple Chili

Front 20

Luther Burbank

Back 20

Russet Burbank

Front 21

CIAT - Colombia

Back 21

rice, forage grasses and legumes, grain legumes, cassava

Front 22

CIMMYT - Mexico

Back 22

wheat, maize

Front 23

CIP - Peru

Back 23

potato, sweet potato

Front 24

ICARDA - Syria

Back 24

wheat, barley, faba bean, lentil, chickpea, pigeonpea, forage grasses and legumes

Front 25

ICRISAT - India

Back 25

sorghum, millet, chickpea, pigeonpea, groundnut

Front 26

IITA - Nigeria

Back 26

rice, potato, sweet potato, groundnut, cowpea, soybean, maize, cassava

Front 27

INIBAP - France

Back 27

banana, plantain

Front 28

IRRI - Phillippines

Back 28

rice

Front 29

NPGS - Fort Collins, CO

Back 29

former National Seed Storage Lab

Front 30

NPGS - Aberdeen, ID

Back 30

National Small Grains Collection

Front 31

NPGS - Ames, IA

Back 31

maize, sunflower, cucumber, carrot, millet, amaranth

Front 32

NPGS - Griffin, GA

Back 32

sorghum, peanut, sweet potato, okra, melon, subtropic

Front 33

NPGS - Pullman, WA

Back 33

bean, pea, chickpea, lentil, beet, alfalfa, temperate grasses

Front 34

NPGS - Geneva, NY

Back 34

apple, etc etc?

Front 35

NPGS - Brownwood, TX

Back 35

pecan, hickory

Front 36

NPGS - Corvallis, OR

Back 36

bramble fruit, strawberry, filbert, pear, mint, hops

Front 37

NPGS - Geneva, NY

Back 37

apple, hardy grape

Front 38

NPGS - Hilo, HI

Back 38

papaya, pineapple, macadamia, passionfruit, guava, rambutan

Front 39

NPGS - Miami and Mayaguez, PR

Back 39

bamboo, cassava, mango, litchi, sugarcane, banana, coffee, cacao

Front 40

NPGS - Riverside and Brawley, CA

Back 40

citrus, date palm

Front 41

NPGS - Washington, DC

Back 41

National Arboretum (ornamentals)

Front 42

North America originated crops (8)

Back 42

-cranberry
-blueberry
-'Concord' grape
-black walnut
-wild rice
-sunflower
-Jerusalem artichoke
-pecan

Front 43

cryopreservation

Back 43

preservation in liquid nitrogen for long-term storage of seeds, pollen, and meristems

Front 44

colchicine

Back 44

induces polyploidy

Front 45

Oryzalin

Back 45

causes chromosome doubling

Front 46

hermaphrodite flowers

Back 46

perfect flowers - stamens and pistils

Front 47

staminate flowers

Back 47

only have stamens

Front 48

pistillate flowers

Back 48

only have pistils

Front 49

hermaphrodite plants

Back 49

have only hermaphrodite flowers

Front 50

monoecious plants

Back 50

staminate and pistillate flowers (maize, hazelnut)

Front 51

androecious plants

Back 51

only staminate flowers

Front 52

gynoecious plants

Back 52

only pistillate flowers

Front 53

dioecious plant populations

Back 53

androecious and gynoecious plants, e.g. hop, marijuana, holly, gingko, etc

Front 54

chemicals used to produce male flowers in cucumber

Back 54

GA or silver nitrate

Front 55

dichogamy

Back 55

pollen shed and stigma receptivity at different times

Front 56

protandry

Back 56

pollen shed prior to stigma receptivity

Front 57

protogyny

Back 57

stigma receptive before pollen shed

Front 58

homogamy

Back 58

pollen shed and stigma receptivity coincide

Front 59

cleistogamy

Back 59

pollen shed and stigma receptive when flower is closed, flower never opens

Front 60

effective cleistogamy

Back 60

flower opens after pollination (lettuce, wheat, bean, tobacco, tomato)

Front 61

self-pollinated crops (3 groups)

Back 61

-cereal grains (wheat, barley, oat, rice)
-large-seeded legumes (bean, chickpea, lentil, peanut, pea, soybean)
-vegetables (tomato, lettuce, eggplant, tobacco)

Front 62

cross-pollinated crops (5 groups)

Back 62

-grasses (maize, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue)
-Brassica crops (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower)
-forage legumes (clovers, alfalfa)
-vegetables (onion, carrot, celery)
-composites (sunflower, zinnia)

Front 63

homozygous

Back 63

individual plant

Front 64

heterozygous

Back 64

individual plant

Front 65

homogeneous

Back 65

plant population

Front 66

heterogeneous

Back 66

plant population

Front 67

chimera (3 types)

Back 67

-sectorial
-mericlinal
-periclinal