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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two systems of the plant body? |
Root system and shoot system |
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What is the function of the root system? |
absorb water and nutrients for the plant |
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What parts are the root system? |
all the roots, usually below ground |
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What are the parts of the shoot system? |
all the stem leaves and reproductive structures |
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What are the embryonic organs? |
Cotyledons (seed leaves) radicle (embryonic root) Plumule (embryonic shoot) Epicotyl (embryonic shoot) hypocotyl (under epicotyl above radicle) |
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What are the functions of the cotyledons? |
food storage for the germinating seed |
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What is the radicle? |
embryonic root |
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What is the plumule? |
embryonic shoot |
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What is the Epicotyl? |
portion of the embryonic stem located above the cotyledon |
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what is the Hypocotyl? |
portion of the embryonic stem located below the radicle and above the Epicotyl |
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What is a meristem? |
A region of meristematic cells that produce new cells by division |
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What happens to cells that are created in a meristem? |
They are known as Initial cells that are undifferentiated cells whose daughter cells after cell division, elongated and differentiate into specialized cells |
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Primary cells (3 things) |
1. grow taller/longer 2. growth in roots/shoots caused by apical meristems 3. some monocots have intercalary meristems at each internode |
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Secondary cells (3 things) |
1. grow wider/thicker 2. thickening of the stems and roots by lateral meristems 3. single-cell layers of meristematic cells that form cylinders running along the stem/root producing new growth to the inside and out of the cylinder, widening the root/stem |
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Why does a plant grow from the top? |
all the nutrients are flowed to the top |
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What are adventitious roots? |
roots that grow from unusual parts of the plant |
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What are the different parts of a root tip? |
root cap root hair area of differentation area of elongation root apex
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What is the root cap? |
protection for the tip of the root as it pushes through the soil |
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What are root hairs and what do they do? |
small roots that grow off the main root and absorb water and other nutrients for the plant |
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What is the area of elongation? |
area of cells stop dividing and begin to grow in length |
