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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do plant hormones travel through the plant? |
the phloem |
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What are plant hormones and how do they affect the plant? |
Signal molecules in plants that regulate plant growth and development |
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How do they elicit a response within the plant? |
A certain chemical is released and retrieved at a stimulus |
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What are the 5 specific type of phytohormones? |
Auxin Cytokinins Gibberellins Abscisic Acid (ABA) Ethylene |
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Where is Auxin produced? |
young leaves and developing seeds |
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Where is Cytokinins produced? |
root tips |
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Where is Gibberellins produced? |
young seeds and shoot tissue |
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Where is ABA produced? |
mature leaves and roots |
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Where is Ethylene produced? |
tissues in response to stress or tissues ripening |
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What effect does Auxin have on the plant? |
stimulates elongation of cells in young shoots, differentation of vascular tissue, growth of adventitious roots on cuttings |
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What effect does Cytokinins have on a plant? |
regulates growth and delays leave senescence |
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What effect does Gibberellins have on the plant? |
cell elongation and division in stems, induces seed germination, enhances action of Auxin |
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What effect does Abiscisic Acid have on the plant? |
tells the stomata to close, helping with water shortage |
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What effect does Ethylene have on the plant? |
senescence of leaves and flowers and ripening of fruit |
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What are circadian movements? |
when the flower opens and closes during a 24-hour period |
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What is photoperiodism? |
biological response to a change in proportion of light and dark in a 24 hour daily cycle |
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Experiment with Charles and Francis Darwin |
cutting off the tip of the root leaving the tip of the root Conclusion: the tip is responsible for sensing light |
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Experiment with Peter Boysen-Jensen |
Separated the tips of two plants using a gelatin block and mica Conclusion: the chemical for phototropism is a mobile chemical |
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Experiment with Fritz Went |
Shoot tip was placed on a block so the Auxin could absorb in the block and the block was placed center and left and right on a cut off shoot tip Conclusion: shoots curve to the light where there is a higher amount of auxin on the dark side of the plant |
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What are the 6 tropisms? |
phototropism heliotropism gravitropism thigmotropism hydrotropism chemotropism |
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What is Phototropism? |
plant grows toward the light |
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What is Gravitropism? |
plant grows toward or away from gravity |
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What is Thigmotropism? |
response to contact with a solid object |
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What is hydrotropism? |
growth toward or away from water |
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What is chemotropism? |
growth toward or away from chemical stimuls |
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What is Heliotropism? |
the ability for leaves and flowers to move themselves toward the direct sunlight |
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Characteristics of short-day plants |
flower in early spring/fall light period shorter than a critical length |
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Characteristics of long-day plants |
flower in the summer need longer amount of sunlight |
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Why do leaves change color in the fall? |
shorter day lengths and cooler temperatures Chylorophyll is degraded and the other pigments become visible |
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Ways plants defend themselves |
thorns and chemical defenses |
